The paper describes the output of a survey carried out in the district of L’Aquila, Italy, in May 2009 after the April earthquake and later in January 2010, and the consequent vulnerability assessment completed by the authors. Observations collected on site regard masonry buildings of the historic centre of L’Aquila and the towns of Paganica and Onna; particular focus was given to a number of buildings of interest, which better represent two locally recurrent building typologies: the mansion and the common dwelling. A description of the main structural features and their influence on damage mechanism is provided, stressing the importance of elements such as wall lay-out, quality of masonry and strengthening interventions. The gathered information is used as input for the application of the FaMIVE method (D’Ayala and Speranza in Earthq Spectra 19(3):479–509, 2003), whereby feasible collapse mechanisms and the associate failure load factors can be identified. The procedure is briefly outlined and results are discussed from the point of view of the performance point: push-over curves produced by statistical elaboration of FaMIVE’s output are compared both with the demand spectra obtained from EC8 and the response spectrum for the main shock as recorded by the closest station to the town. Conclusions are drawn on the reliability of the FaMIVE method with respect to its capability of predicting the damage mechanism identified on site.

Assessment and analysis of damage in L’Aquila historic city centre after 6th April 2009

The seismic assessment of rocking masonry structures is a complex task, due to the high sensitivity of the behavior to the characteristics of the input motion. The paper compares the results offered by different models and the reliability of widely used intensity measures. A displacement-based approach based on an incremental limit analysis of rigid blocks is proposed for the performance-based assessment of rocking masonry structures, such as: rocky structures (archeological remains, obelisks, columns, trilithons), arch-piers systems (e.g. triumphal arches, belfries), out-of-plane mechanisms of walls (standing out walls, facades in buildings or churches etc.) or artistic assets prone to overturn (pinnacles, statues etc.). The method is compatible with the format of the PERPETUATE performance-based assessment method for cultural heritage assets

Seismic assessment of rocking masonry structures

http://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/2459/1/Final_article-Lu%c3%adsRamos.pdf

Modeling and vulnerability of historical city centers in seismic areas: a case study in Lisbon

Discrete element modelling of the in-plane and out-of-plane behaviour of dry-joint masonry wall constructions

The last National Risk Assessment NRA for Italy was developed at the end of 2018 by the Department of Civil Protection (DPC) in response to the specific requirement of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 to periodically adjourn the assessment of disaster risk. The methodology adopted to perform seismic risk assessment and build national seismic risk maps was specifically developed to comply with the recent Code for Civil Protection, issuing that, in addition to a solid scientific base, risk assessment should be characterized by a wide consensus of the scientific community. As a result, six research units belonging to two Centers of Competence of the DPC, namely ReLUIS (Network of university laboratories for seismic engineering) and EUCENTRE (European Centre for Training and Research in Earthquake Engineering), collaborated under the guidance and coordination of DPC to produce the recent updating of national seismic risk maps for the residential building stock. This paper describes the methodology adopted to develop the consensus-based national seismic risk assessment and presents the main results in terms of expected damage and impact measures (unusable buildings, homeless, casualties, direct economic losses).

/pdf/seismic-risk-assessment-of-residential-buildings-in-italy-gqoizjmmos.pdf

Seismic risk assessment of residential buildings in Italy

In historic city centers the mitigation of seismic risk is dependent on the possibility of implementing strengthening programs. Given the cultural and economic value attached to the historic structures, however, interventions should be tailored to suit aesthetic and structural requirements of each building type, and provide sufficient reliability of performance in future earthquakes. A simple analytical model is developed to calculate load factors associated with various collapse mechanisms of wall assemblies, and vulnerability functions are derived. An application shows the capability of the procedure to quantify reduction in vulnerability associated with strengthening implementations for different typologies. [DOI: 10.1193/1.1599896]

Definition of Collapse Mechanisms and Seismic Vulnerability of Historic Masonry Buildings

The vulnerability assessment of the different buildings identified in the historical centre of Vittorio Veneto (NE Italy) is here proposed. The preliminary classification of the masonry building typologies allowed us to identify the main, typical characteristics affecting the seismic vulnerability of existing structures. The analysis is performed at a global level for the whole centre and then focused on the oldest and most vulnerable part, namely Serravalle. Two procedures, developed at the University of Padova and the University of Bath, both based on the macro-modelling approach, have been used. The prediction of damage scenarios obtained through fragility curves calibrated on the EMS98 damage classification and on the parameters obtained by the AeDES survey form, is also discussed. © 2008 - OGS.

E Speranza

Papers

Definition of Collapse Mechanisms and Seismic Vulnerability of Historic Masonry Buildings

Vulnerability assessment of the historical masonry building typologies of Vittorio Veneto (NE Italy)

Identificazione dei meccanismi di collasso per la stima della vulnerabilita’sismica di edifici in centri storici

A procedure for evaluating the seismic vulnerability of historic buildings at Urban scale based on mechanical parameters

Damage Survey on Churches: A New Observed Damage Database of Past Italian Earthquakes (Da.D.O.)