介绍了Kirk—Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology（化工技术百科全书）（第五版）电子图书网络版数据库，并对该数据库使用方法和检索途径作出了说明，且结合实例简单地介绍了该数据库的检索方法。

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology数据库介绍及实例

Applications of ultrasound in analysis, processing and quality control of food: A review

Review on electrical discharge plasma technology for wastewater remediation

https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48864/Download/0048864-07032019141310.pdf

Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review

Biofouling is a critical issue in membrane water and wastewater treatment as it greatly compromises the efficiency of the treatment processes. It is difficult to control, and significant economic resources have been dedicated to the development of effective biofouling monitoring and control strategies. This paper highlights the underlying causes of membrane biofouling and provides a review on recent developments of potential monitoring and control methods in water and wastewater treatment with the aim of identifying the remaining issues and challenges in this area.

/pdf/biofouling-of-water-treatment-membranes-a-review-of-the-4it3vj989o.pdf

Biofouling of water treatment membranes: a review of the underlying causes, monitoring techniques and control measures.

The development and evaluation of ultrasound for the treatment of bacterial suspensions. A study of frequency, power and sonication time on cultured Bacillus species.

Nanostructured chitosan (CS) and a chitosan–Zn based (Zn–CS) complex have been synthesized and simultaneously deposited on cotton fabrics using ultrasound. SEM measurements revealed that the coating consists of nanoparticles (NPs) of ca. 40 nm in diameter, homogeneously dispersed along the yarns. XANES studies pointed out that the complex consisted of a less than 2.1 nm ZnO core to which the chitosan was bonded. Additionally, FTIR measurements indicated the in situ formation of a Zn–CS complex which is the only deposited material on the cotton surface. The antibacterial properties of the CS and Zn–CS coated textiles were tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria species. More than two-fold increase of the antibacterial activity of Zn–CS NP coated textiles was detected as compared to the fabrics treated with the sonochemically synthesized CS NPs alone. The sonochemical technique appears to be a suitable method for producing organic NPs of soluble compounds, without loss of their intrinsic properties, i.e. the antimicrobial activity of chitosan. Moreover, hybrid nanoorganometallic particles were simultaneously synthesized and deposited on cotton sonochemically.

Chitosan and chitosan-ZnO-based complex nanoparticles: formation, characterization, and antibacterial activity.

Evaluation of the mechanisms of the effect of ultrasound on Microcystis aeruginosa at different ultrasonic frequencies.

Aims This research investigated the effect of sonication at frequencies of 20, 40 and 580 kHz and approximately the same acoustic intensity on the viability and declumping of two micro-organisms (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia). Methods and results Two analytical methods were employed; viable plate counts (CFU ml−1) and flow cytometry to identify and quantify both live/viable and dead bacteria in the bulk liquid. Flow cytometry results for E. coli and Kl. pneumonia indicated a high sensitivity to 20 and 40 kHz frequency with a continuous decrease in the viable cells and an increase in dead cells during experiments. In contrast, results using the higher frequency of 580 kHz indicate predominantly deagglomeration of bacterial clumps rather than cell membrane disruption (Joyce et al. 2003). Results indicate a good correlation between flow cytometry and viable plate count methodology. Conclusions Sonication has two different effects on bacteria (i) inactivation and (ii) declumping; however, the scale of these effects is dependent on intensity and frequency. Flow cytometry provides a method to distinguish between and quantify the effects through the observation of two subpopulations: (i) live/viable and (ii) dead bacterial cells. Significance and impact of the study Treatment using power ultrasound has been shown to have a significant impact on microbial activity. This is the first time a study has compared the influence of a range of different frequencies, but at similar power settings on the survival of bacteria in phosphate buffer saline (PBS). This work is of importance for applications where ultrasound has been considered for use in industry as a means of disinfection including the treatment and pretreatment of water and also for the sterilization of liquid foods.

Assessing the effect of different ultrasonic frequencies on bacterial viability using flow cytometry

The pilot installation is designed for the scale up of sonochemically assisted coating of textile fabrics with various kinds of nanoparticles. The installation can coat up to 50 m of continuous cotton fabric per run with CuO or ZnO nanoparticles. The structure and morphology of the metal oxides adhering to the fabric on the coated cotton have been characterized by XRD and HR SEM, and shown to be nanocrystalline oxides (~ 10–20 nm in size). The coating is homogeneous, stable and retains its biocidal properties through at least 20 washing cycles. The CuO–cotton bandages demonstrated good antimicrobial properties against E. coli bacteria.

Eadaoin M. Joyce

Papers

The development and evaluation of ultrasound for the treatment of bacterial suspensions. A study of frequency, power and sonication time on cultured Bacillus species.

Chitosan and chitosan-ZnO-based complex nanoparticles: formation, characterization, and antibacterial activity.

Evaluation of the mechanisms of the effect of ultrasound on Microcystis aeruginosa at different ultrasonic frequencies.

Assessing the effect of different ultrasonic frequencies on bacterial viability using flow cytometry

Pilot scale sonochemical coating of nanoparticles onto textiles to produce biocidal fabrics