Modifications in the sequence of Aequorea wild-type GFP provide products having markedly different excitation and emission spectra from corresponding products from wild-type GFP. In one class of modifications, the product derived from the modified GFP exhibits an alteration in the ratio of two main excitation peaks observed with the product derived from wild-type GFP. In another class, the product derived from the modified GFP fluoresces at a shorter wavelength than the corresponding product from wild-type GFP. In yet another class of modifications, the product derived from the modified GFP exhibits only a single excitation peak and enhanced emission relative to the product derived from wild-type GFP.

Modified green fluorescent proteins

A curable aqueous composition is disclosed comprising a carbohydrate, a crosslinking agent, and an amine base, wherein the curable aqueous composition has a pH adjusted by the amine base. Further disclosed is a method of forming a curable aqueous solution.

Binders and materials made therewith

Dispersions in water-immiscible liquid of water-soluble or water-swellable polymer particles are stabilized by use of an aqueous emulsion of water insoluble viscosifying polymer particles that are swellable or soluble in the water-immiscible liquid. After adding the emulsion to the water-immiscible liquid, water is removed from around the particles of the viscosifying polymer, preferably by absorption into the water swellable or soluble polymer particles. Water-immiscible liquids in general can be thickened particularly effectively by use of an aqueous emulsion of water insoluble viscosifying polymer particles that are swellable but insoluble in the water-immiscible liquid. These insoluble particles have a dry size below 10 μm and are formed from monomers of which 80 to 100% are hydrophobic, 30 to 100% are polar and hydrophobic, 0 to 20% are hydrophilic and not more than 30% by weight are aromatic.

Polymeric compositions and methods of using them

A process for preparing an aqueous polymer dispersion using alkenes having from 4 to 40 carbon atoms.

Process for preparing an aqueous polymer dispersion

The invention provides a hologram transfer foil comprising a substrate and a transfer layer laminated thereon, said transfer layer comprising a surface protective layer, a thermoplastic resin layer, a hologram layer and a heat seal layer in this order. The hologram transfer foil is applied on the heat seal layer side to an application member. In this case, a peel force between the substrate and the surface protective layer is smaller than that between adjacent layers in other layers. This hologram transfer foil enables a hologram image, etc. to be reconstructed in an uninterrupted manner, and is improved in terms of transferability and productivity.

Hologram transfer foil

A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions which have a low film-forming temperature but still give films having a high block resistance, and the use of these polymer dispersions as binders for coating materials.

Preparation of polymer dispersions which form block-resistant films

Thermosetting aqueous compositions comprising a polymerizate component bearing carboxyl groups and optionally a hydroxyalkylated amine, and the use thereof as binding agents for mouldings.

Thermosetting aqueous compositions

Disclosed is the use of a formaldehyde-free aqueous binder as a binder for sustainable raw materials in the form of fibres, chips or particles for making mouldings, said binder containing: A) a polymer obtained by radical polymerisation consisting to the extent of 5 to 100 wt% of an ethylenically unsaturated acid anhydride or bicarboxylic acid, the carboxylic acid groups of which can form an anhydride group, and B) an alkanol amine with at least two hydroxyl groups.

Formaldehyde-free binder for mouldings

The use of a formaldehyde-free aqueous binder comprising A) a polymer obtained by free-radical polymerization comprising 5-100% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated acid anhydride or of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid whose carboxyl groups may form an anhydride group, and B) an alkanolamine having at least two hydroxyl groups as a coating composition for shaped articles.

Formaldehyde-free coating composition for shaped articles

Aqueous synthetic resin formulations essentially contain A) from 3 to 75% by weight of one or more synthetic resins which are composed of a) from 50 to 99.9% by weight of one or more unsaturated carboxylic or vinyl esters, b) from 0.1 to 12% by weight of one or more α,β-monoethylenically unsaturated monobasic or dibasic acids or their ahydrides, c) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated acetophenone or benzophenone derivatives, d) from 0 to 35% by weight of one or more other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, in polymerized form, B) one or more metal cations having a charge of from 2 to 4, in water-soluble form, C) from 0 to 10% by weight, based on the synthetic resin A, or benezophenones or acetophenones which are not monoethylenically unsaturated, D) effective amounts of emulsifiers or protective colloids or a mixture of these active ingredients, E) not less than 5% by weight of water and F) from 0 to 85% by weight of finely divided fillers, and the total amount of the cations B is such that it is capable of neutralizing from 0.2 to 6 times the amount, corresponding to the amount of acid functions incorporated in the form of the monomers b in the synthetic resin A, of their conjugated bases. These synthetic resin formulations are suitable for coating, adhesive bonding, sealing or impregnating.

Eckehardt Dr Wistuba

Papers

Preparation of polymer dispersions which form block-resistant films

Thermosetting aqueous compositions

Formaldehyde-free binder for mouldings

Formaldehyde-free coating composition for shaped articles

Aqueous synthetic resin formulations