Electrochemical reduction of an exemplary ATRP catalyst, C 11 Br 2 /Me 6 TREN, is shown to be an efficient process to mediate and execute an ATRP. The onset of polymerization occurs only through passage of a cathodic current achieved under a reductive potential to form Cu 1 Br 2 /Me 6 TREN, within the reaction medium. Unprecedented control over the polymerization kinetics can be attained through electrochemical methods by modulating the magnitude of the applied potential allowing polymerization rate enhancement or retardation. Additional polymerization control is gained through electrochemical “dials” allowing polymerization rate enhancements achieved by larger applied potentials and the ability to successfully switch a polymerization “on” and “off between dormant and active states by application of multistep intermittent potentials.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/332/6025/81.full.pdf

Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization

The use to e of tetrafluoropropenes, particularly (HFO-1234) in a variety of applications, including refrigeration equipment, is disclosed. These materials are generally useful as refrigerants for heating and cooling, as blowing agents, as aerosol propellants, as solvent composition, and as fire extinguishing and suppressing agents.

Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins

Disclosed is a method for producing fluorinated organic compounds, including petnafluoropropenes, which preferably comprises converting at least one compound of formula (I): CFnXmCFaXbCH2X (I) to at least one compound of formula (II) CF3CF═CHF (II) where each X is independently Cl, I or Br; n is 2 or 3; m is 0 or 1, a is 1 or 2, b is 0 or 1, m+n=3 and a+b=2.

Method For Producing Fluorinated Organic Compounds

The present invention provides systems, methods and apparatuses for medical fluid delivery systems that employ a pumping cassette. In particular, the present invention provides systems, methods and apparatuses for cassette-based dialysis therapies including hemodialysis, hemofiltration, APD (including tidal modalities) and CFPD. The embodiments described include a combined pump/valve housing, a fail safe pump/valve arrangement, a cassette auto-alignment feature, a pumping membrane material, a multiplexing valve arrangement, an expert fluid pumping management system, an integral port vent and an in-line air separation chamber and combinations of each of these.

Systems, methods and apparatuses for pumping cassette-based therapies

An automated peritoneal dialysis system and method are provided for monitoring and controlling automated peritoneal dialysis therapy based upon intraperitoneal pressure measured at a point near the end of the patient catheter during the fill, dwell and drain phases of automated peritoneal dialysis therapy.

Method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling peritoneal dialysis therapy

Ethylene/bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-ene copolymers

1,189,494. Copolymers. UNION CARBIDE CORP. 11 May, 1967, No. 22017/67. Heading C3P. [Also in Division C5] Saturated hydrocarbon prepolymers comprise a substantially random interpolymer of ethylene and 5 to 70 weight per cent of an α-olefin or fluorine - substituted α - olefin H 2 C = CHCR 3 , where each R is C 1-6 alkyl or fluorine, said interpolymer having an average of 1 to 2 reactive functional groups attached to terminal carbon atoms of each polymer molecule and selected from hydroxy, carboxy, amino, cyano, formyl, aziridinyl and alkoxycarbonyl. Polymerization may be effected in bulk or solution, e.g. in hydrocarbons, ketones and cyclic ethers, in the presence of organic peroxides or azo compounds whereby such end groups as cyano, carboxy and alkoxycarbonyl may be introduced. These may be oxidized, reduced, hydrolysed or converted to chloride and reacted with ethylene imine to provide other desired end groups. The prepolymers may be converted to linear high polymers by reacting with difunctional compounds capable of reacting with the terminal groups, and cross-linked by reacting with compounds having a functionality greater than 2. Many suitable compounds are listed including polyepoxides, polyisocyanates, polyaziridines, polyamines, polyols and polybasic acids. The prepolymers may be used for potting compounds, polishes and inks and lithium and sodium salts thereof as lubricants, and the high polymers as potting compounds, electrical insulation, sealants, gaskets, weatherstrips, fibres, films and mouldings. In examples ethylene and neohexene are polymerized in the presence of (I-VI and X-XIV) benzene and azodiisobutyronitrile; (IX) tetrahydrofuran and succinic acid peroxide; (XVI) tetrahydrofuran and 4,4 1 -azobis-4-cyanopentanoic acid together with (XVII) dithiodibutyric acid; and (XVIII) benzene and diethyl - 2,2 1 - azobisisobutyrate; -CN terminal groups are hydrolysed to -COOH by acid or alkaline hydrolysis and terminal ethoxycarbonyl groups are reduced to -OH with lithium aluminium hydride; and ethylene/neohexene copolymers having terminal -COOH groups are reacted with (I) triglycidyl ether of p-aminophenol, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate and succinic acid: (II) and (III) tris propylene imine phosphoric oxide; (IX) propane triol and ethylene glycol; and having terminal -OH groups are reacted with (XVIII) tris (N-methylethyleneimine) phosphorus oxide.

Saturated hydrocarbon prepolymer and reaction products thereof

WHEREIN EACH R INDIVIDUALLY REPRESENTS HYDROGEN, AN ALKYL GROUP OF 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS OR FLUORINE AND A CROSS-LINKING AGENT CAPABLE OF REACTING WITH THE REACTIVE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS. H2C=C(-R)-C(-R)3 CURABLE SOLID FUEL PROPELLANT COMPOSITION HAVING AS THE BINDER A SATURATED HYDROCARCON PREPOLYMER HAVING REACTIVE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AT THE ENDS OF EACH POLYMER MOLECULE COMPRISING A FREE-RADICAL INITATED INTERPOLYMER OF ETHYLENE AND AN ALPHA-OLEFIN HAVING THE FORMULA

Edgar W Wise

Papers

Ethylene/bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-ene copolymers

Saturated hydrocarbon prepolymer and reaction products thereof

Propellant composition having a curable ethylene interpolymer binder

Ethylene polymer powders and process therefor

Process of preparing solid poly