Purpose – This study aims to combine theory and practice to develop an integrated supply chain resilience framework by investigating the inter-dependencies between the strategic literature based concept of supply chain resilience and operational practitioner based disaster management processes. Design/methodology/approach – Utilising an in-depth qualitative case of a collaborative agency, this study identifies best practices within disaster management for insights on the operationalisation of supply chain resilience. Findings – The empirical data leads to the development of an integrated supply chain resilience framework capturing the interplay of disaster management processes and capabilities required to build supply chain resilience. The critical importance of mitigation processes in building supply chain resilience is highlighted. Practical implications – The generic supply chain resilience framework represents a valuable guide for managers when directing resources and planning for building the capabil...

Mitigation Processes – Antecedents for Building supply chain resilience

Natural disasters often result in fatalities, injuries, diseases and other negative physical and mental health effects. Indirectly, disasters can result in social grievances and resource scarcities which can trigger social conflicts. Despite the many natural disaster studies, however, little attention has been devoted to the study of conflicts following a natural disaster. Through a systematic literature review from 1986 to 2013, this paper examines social conflicts resulting from natural disasters. In this paper, a three-dimensional analysis, Description-Theme-Mechanism, is used to combine and analyze the current state of research, with the ultimate goal of clarifying the concept of social conflicts arising from natural disasters, summarizing existing research on the links between natural disasters and social conflicts, determining any significant rules and trends, and providing recommendations and directions for future research. Language: en

Natural disasters and social conflict: A systematic literature review

This paper develops a two-stage stochastic program and solution procedure to optimize the selection of capacity enhancement strategies to increase the resilience of electric power systems to earthquakes. The model explicitly considers the range of earthquake events that are possible and, for each, an approximation of the distribution of damage to be experienced. This is important because electric power systems are spatially distributed; hence their performance is driven by the distribution of damage to the components. We test this solution procedure against the nonlinear integer solver in LINGO 13 and apply the formulation and solution strategy to the Eastern Interconnect where the seismic hazard primarily stems from the New Madrid Seismic Zone. We show the feasibility of optimized capacity expansion to improve the resilience of large-scale power systems with respect to large earthquakes.

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Transmission and Generation Expansion to Mitigate Seismic Risk

This chapter traces disaster definitions devised by social scientists, recounting the evolution of scholarly thinking and the elements of the concept. The emphasis is on the definition of the phenomenon itself, not on enumerating the causes of, conditions for or consequences of disasters. Three collections of theory-based definitions are reviewed: the classical period, the hazards-disaster tradition, and the most recent emphasis on disasters as social phenomena. The influence of the human ecology perspective and the concepts of vulnerability and resilience are also examined. Gradually, consensus is emerging on a theory-based definition of disasters. Definitions have moved away from an agent-centered, damage-driven, uncontrollable event vision. Although agents may be proximal causes, humans “cause” virtually all disasters. Most researchers currently view social disruption as the key defining feature or essential dimension of disasters.

Defining Disaster: An Evolving Concept

Countries around the world suffer the dramatic impact of earthquakes and other natural hazards reflected in casualties, infrastructure damage, service interruptions, and recovery costs. Although disaster exposure consciousness of electric power systems has increased in recent years, mitigation and adaptation actions, such as reserve scheduling and infrastructure investments, are usually performed without quantitative tools to account for the underlying stochasticity of these events. This article first discusses why an integrated assessment, which incorporates sources of uncertainty (risk) and manages the time-dependency of the recovery process (resilience), should be used to assess the impact of seismic events on electric power systems. Thereafter, a probabilistic methodology that considers the hazard, vulnerability, operation, and recovery of the system is presented. As a case study, the probabilistic seismic resilience of the electric power system of Northern Chile is assessed using different risk measures, including expected annual loss, value at risk, and conditional value-at-risk. Finally, a novel criticality assessment based on these metrics is developed to demonstrate that, for certain networks such as the study case, retrofit of selective components can notably improve the resilience of the complete system to seismic events. For example, if one specific component from the 152 components of the study system is assumed invulnerable, expected annual interruption costs decrease by 8%.

Risk and Resilience Assessment With Component Criticality Ranking of Electric Power Systems Subject to Earthquakes

In this paper its is discussed that the transmission and distribution facilities are more vulnerable to major earthquakes than the generation facilities. The design of the generation facilities usually adopts a higher design and building standards.

Eduardo Andrade

Papers

Disaster Management

Disaster Management Restoring Electricity Supply After the 2010 Chilean Earthquake