Background: Prior research has investigated various strategies to improve health, wellbeing and the job-related outcomes of nurses. However, the scope of this evidence is not clear and the types of intervention most likely to have positive outcomes are unknown. Objective: To provide an overview and synthesis of the effectiveness of interventions conducted with the goal of improving health, wellbeing and the job-related outcomes of nurses. Methods: A systematic database search was conducted from January 2000 to December 2018, with pre-defined criteria (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; MEDLINE and PubMed; EMBASE; CINAHL; PsycINFO; and BioMed Central). In total, 136 intervention studies with a total sample of 16,129 participants (range 9–3381) were included and evaluated. Data extraction, quality assessment and risk of bias analyses were performed. Results: Studies included randomised controlled trials (RCTs; n = 52, 38%), randomised crossover design studies (n = 2, 1.5%) and non-randomised pre-post studies with a control group (n = 31, 23%) and without a control group (n = 51, 37.5%). The majority of interventions focused on education, physical activity, mindfulness, or relaxation. Thirty-seven (27%) studies had a multimodal intervention approach. On average, studies had relatively small samples (median = 61; mode = 30) and were conducted predominantly in North America (USA/Canada, n = 53). The findings were mixed overall, with some studies reporting benefits and others finding no effects. Dietary habits was the most successfully improved outcome (8/9), followed by indices of body composition (20/24), physical activity (PA) (11/14), and stress (49/66), with >70% of relevant studies in each of these categories reporting improvements. The lowest success rate was for work-related outcomes (16/32). Separate analysis of RCTs indicated that interventions that focus solely on education might be less likely to result in positive outcomes than interventions targeting behavioural change. Conclusions: Interventions targeting diet, body composition, PA, or stress are most likely to have positive outcomes for nurses’ health and/or wellbeing. The methodologically strongest evidence (RCTs) is available for body composition and stress. Interventions relying solely on educational approaches are least likely to be effective. Organisational outcomes appear to be more challenging to change with lifestyle intervention, likely requiring more complex solutions including changes to the work environment. There is a need for more high-quality evidence since many studies had moderate or high risk of bias and low reporting quality.

https://research.vumc.nl/ws/files/14913771/Proces_paper_Kids_in_Action.pdf

Effectiveness of Lifestyle Health Promotion Interventions for Nurses: A Systematic Review.

Depressed, anxious, and stressed: What have healthcare workers on the frontlines in Egypt and Saudi Arabia experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic?

There is widespread recognition that workplace stress can have profound negative impacts on nurses' well-being and practice. Resilience is a process of positive adaptation to stress and adversity. This study aimed to describe mental health nurses' most challenging workplace stressors, and their psychological well-being, workplace resilience, and level of caring behaviours, explore the relationships between these factors, and describe differences in workplace resilience for sociodemographic characteristics. In a descriptive correlational study using convenience sampling, data were collected from N = 498 nurses working in mental health roles or settings in Victoria Australia via an online cross-sectional survey. Key findings included weak to strong (r = 0.301 to r = 0.750) positive relationships between workplace resilience with psychological well-being across all stressor categories (consumer/carer; colleague; organizational role; and organizational service). Psychological well-being was moderately high, but lower for nurses indicating consumer/carer-related stressors as their most stressful challenge. There were weak to moderate (r = 0.306 to r = 0.549) positive relationships between workplace resilience and psychological well-being, and no relationship between resilience and caring behaviours. Workplace resilience was lower (P 5 years' experience, and lower for younger nurses compared with those aged ≥40 years. To improve their resilience and prevent psychological distress, there is prime opportunity to support nursing students with well-being and resilience-building strategies during their undergraduate education, and to support new graduates with similar programmes when they enter the workforce.

Workplace stressors, psychological well-being, resilience, and caring behaviours of mental health nurses: A descriptive correlational study

Aim To analyse the effect of mindfulness training on levels of burnout among nurses. Background Burnout syndrome is a common occupational hazard for nursing staff. Mindfulness training has been proposed as a valid intervention for burnout. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources The CINAHL, LILACS, Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Scielo and Scopus databases were consulted, using the search equation 'Nurs * AND burnout AND mindfulness'. There was no restriction on the year of publication. Review methods Papers were selected for analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 software. Results The sample was of 17 articles including 632 nurses. Mindfulness training reduces levels of burnout, producing lower scores for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and higher for personal accomplishment. The differences in the means were 1.32 (95% CI: -9.41-6.78), 1.91 (95% CI: -4.50-0.68) and 2.12 (95% CI: -9.91-14.14), respectively, between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion Mindfulness training reduces the emotional burden and hence levels of burnout, among nurses. However, further randomized clinical trials are required.

The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

espanolEvaluar el nivel de burnout durante un brote de COVID-19 e identificar sus factores influyentes entre las enfermeras de primera linea y enfermeras de otras salas. Metodos. Este estudio transversal hace una comparacion entre dos grupos de enfermeras: las de primera linea (grupo de exposicion) y otras que trabajan en las salas habituales (grupo sin exposicion) en la ciudad de Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. El Inventario de Burnout de Oldenburg (OLBI), el cuestionario de estres laboral (JSQ) y los cuestionarios de recursos hospitalarios, apoyo familiar y medicion del miedo a COVID-19 se utilizaron para recolectar la informacion de la investigacion. Resultados.Las puntuaciones de estres laboral y burnout en el grupo de exposicion con infeccion por COVID-19 fueron significativamente mas altas que en el grupo sin exposicion (p=0006 y p=0.002, respectivamente). Aunque el analisis de regresion univariante, el estado de empleo (p=0.047), la experiencia en el cuidado de pacientes confirmados o sospechosos de infeccion por COVID-19 (p=0.006), los recursos hospitalarios (p=0.047) y el estres laboral (p EnglishObjective. To assess burnout level during an outbreak of COVID-19 and to identify influencing factors between frontline nurses and nurses from other wards. Methods. This cross-sectional study makes comparison between two groups of nurses including frontline (exposure group) and other nurses working in usual wards (non-exposure group) in Torbat Heydariyeh city, Iran. Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), Job stress questionnaire (JSQ), and questionnaires of hospital resources, family support, and measuring the fear of COVID-19 were used as research instruments. Results. The scores of job stress and burnout in the exposure group with COVID-19 infection were significantly higher than in the non-exposure group (p=0.006 and p=0.002, respectively). Although, in univariate linear regression, employment status (p=0.047), experience in taking care of patient confirmed or suspected with COVID-19 infection (p=0.006), hospital resources (p=0.047), and job stress (p Conclusion. The burnout level in frontline nurses was higher than other nurses, the most important influencing factor was the job stress. Regarding to negative effects of burnout on both physical and mental health nurses, it is suggested that a strong strategy be considered to reduce nurses' burnout to be able to control ongoing and future outbreaks successfully. portuguesAvaliar o nivel de burnout durante um surto de COVID-19 e identificar seus fatores que influenciam entre enfermeiros de primeira linha e enfermeiros de outras enfermarias. Metodos.Este estudo transversal compara dois grupos de enfermeiros: os da linha de frente (grupo de exposicao) e outros que trabalham nas enfermarias habituais (grupo sem exposicao) na cidade de Torbat Heydariyeh, Ira. Os questionarios Inventario de Burnout de Oldenburg (OLBI), Job Stress Questionnaire (JSQ), Recursos Hospitalares, Apoio a Familia e Medo de COVID-19 foram utilizados para coletar as informacoes da pesquisa. Resultados. Os escores de estresse no trabalho e burnout no grupo de exposicao a infeccao por COVID-19 foram significativamente maiores do que no grupo sem exposicao (p=0.006 e p=0,002, respectivamente). Apesar da analise de regressao univariada do status de emprego (p=0.047), experiencia no atendimento a pacientes confirmados ou suspeitos de infeccao por COVID-19 (p=0.006), recursos hospitalares (p=0.047) e estresse no trabalho (p

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Burnout and its influencing factors between frontline nurses and nurses from other wards during the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease -COVID-19- in Iran

Nursing is perceived as a strenuous job. Although past research has documented that stress influences nurses’ health in association with quality of life, the relation between stress and caring behaviors remains relatively unexamined, especially in the Greek working environment, where it is the first time that this specific issue is being studied. The aim was to investigate and explore the correlation amidst occupational stress, caring behaviors and their quality of life in association to health. A correlational study of nurses (N = 246) who worked at public and private units was conducted in 2013 in Greece. The variables were operationalized using three research instruments: (1) the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS), (2) the Health Survey SF-12 and (3) the Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Contact with death, patients and their families, conflicts with supervisors and uncertainty about the therapeutic effect caused significantly higher stress among participants. A significant negative correlation was observed amidst total stress and the four dimensions of CBI. Certain stress factors were significant and independent predictors of each CBI dimension. Conflicts with co-workers was revealed as an independent predicting factor for affirmation of human presence, professional knowledge and skills and patient respectfulness dimensions, conflicts with doctors for respect for patient, while conflicts with supervisors and uncertainty concerning treatment dimensions were an independent predictor for positive connectedness. Finally, discrimination stress factor was revealed as an independent predictor of quality of life related to physical health, while stress resulting from conflicts with supervisors was independently associated with mental health. Occupational stress affects nurses’ health-related quality of life negatively, while it can also be considered as an influence on patient outcomes.

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Eirini Rousaki

Papers

The impact of occupational stress on nurses’ caring behaviors and their health related quality of life