[서평]「The Unified Modeling Language User Guide」

Nowadays the usage of model transformations in software engineering has become widespread. Considering current trends in software development such as
model driven development (MDD), there is an emerging need to develop
model manipulations such as model evolution and optimisation, semantics 
definition, etc. If a model transformation is described
in a precise way, it can be analysed lateron. Models, especially visual models, can be
described best by graphs, due to their multi-dimensional extension.
Graphs can be manipulated by graph transformation in a rule-based
manner. Thus, we specify model transformation by graph transformation. 
This approach offers visual and formal techniques in such a way that model transformations can be subjects to analysis. Various results on graph transformation can be used to prove important properties of model transformations such as its functional behaviour, a basic property for computations. Moreover, certain kinds of syntactical and semantical consistency properties can be shown on this formal basis.

Termination Criteria for Model Transformation

Business Process Management (BPM) includes methods, techniques, and tools to support the design, enactment, management, and analysis of operational business processes. It can be considered as an extension of classical Workflow Management (WFM) systems and approaches. Although the practical relevance of BPM is undisputed, a clear definition of BPM and related acronyms such as BAM, BPA, and STP are missing. Moreover, a clear scientific foundation is missing. In this paper, we try to demystify the acronyms in this domain, describe the state-of-the-art technology, and argue that BPM could benefit from formal methods/languages (cf. Petri nets, process algebras, etc.).

Business Process Management: A Survey

This paper reports on the formal proof of correctness of a compiler from a substantial subset of Java source language to Java bytecode in the proof environment Isabelle. This work is based on extensive previous formalizations of Java, which comprise all relevant features of object-orientation. We place particular emphasis on describing the effects of design decisions in these formalizations on the compiler correctness proof.

Formal verification of a Java compiler in Isabelle

Nowadays, UML is considered to be the standardized language for object-oriented modeling and analysis. However, UML cannot be used for automatic analyses and simulation. In this paper, we propose an approach for transforming UML statechart and collaboration diagrams to Colored Petri net models. This transformation aims to bridge the gap between informal notation (UML diagrams) and more formal notation (Colored Petri net models) for analysis purposes. It produces highly- structured, graphical, and rigorously-analyzable models that facilitate early detection of errors such as deadlock and livelock. The approach is based on graph transformations where the input and output of the transformation process are graphs. The meta-modeling tool AToM3 is used. A case study is presented to illustrate our approach.

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A UML and Colored Petri Nets Integrated Modeling and Analysis Approach using Graph Transformation

This paper proposes a formal framework and a tool based on graph transformation to facilitate the design and analysis of complex software systems using G-Nets formalism. A G-Nets specification can be translated (manually) into an equivalent Predicate/Transition Nets specification (PrT-Nets). This transformation aims to use the formal analysis techniques developed for PrT-Nets to analyze G-Nets specifications. PROD is used to describe PrT-Nets models. So, we have proposed two automatic steps to perform the transformation of G-Nets models to their equivalent in PROD Language. The first one deals with the transformation of G-Nets models into Prt-Nets models. The second one transforms the resulted Prt-Nets models into PROD language. This work is a key step in a large project aiming at using graph transformation to formalize UML diagrams using G-Nets models.

A Formal Framework and a Tool for the Specification and Analysis of G-Nets Models Based on Graph Transformation

Model transformations have proved to be powerful in the development of critical systems. According to their intents, they have been used in many domains such as models refinement, simulation, and domain semantics. The formal methods have been successful in the verification and validation of critical systems, and in particular, in the formalization of UML, BPMN, and AADL. However, little research has been done on verifying the transformation itself. In this paper, we extend our previous work using Isabelle/HOL that transforms UML State Machine Diagrams (SMD) to Colored Petri nets (CPN) models and proves that certain structural properties of this transformation are correct. For example, the structural property: “for each final state of a SMD model a corresponding place in CPN model should be generated by the transformation” is described and checked using Isabelle/HOL as invariant property. In the current work, we use Scala as environment of executing Isabelle/HOL specifications and we perform the verified transformation using Scala. Moreover, we demonstrate our approach using another case study of transforming BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) models into Petri nets models and verify the correctness of certain structural properties of this transformation.

Verification of Model Transformations Using Isabelle/HOL and Scala

A Framework for Modeling and Analysis UML Activity Diagram using Graph Transformation

The correctness of transformations has recently begun to attract the attention of the researchers in Model Driven Engineering (MDE). The objective of this article is twofold. First, it presents an approach for transforming BPMN models to Colored Petri nets models using GROOVE and EMF/Xpand tools. Second, it proposes an approach for checking the correctness of the transformation itself. More precisely, we have defined the termination property of the transformation and the preservation of some structural properties of BPMN models by the transformation using the GROOVE graph transformation tool. The authors have also applied the approach on a case study through which the authors have verified the successful termination of the transformation using GROOVE Model Checker and the target model properties using CPN Tools.

Elhillali Kerkouche

Papers

A UML and Colored Petri Nets Integrated Modeling and Analysis Approach using Graph Transformation

A Formal Framework and a Tool for the Specification and Analysis of G-Nets Models Based on Graph Transformation

Verification of Model Transformations Using Isabelle/HOL and Scala

A Framework for Modeling and Analysis UML Activity Diagram using Graph Transformation

An Approach for the Transformation and Verification of BPMN Models to Colored Petri Nets Models