Children's friendship relations: A meta-analytic review.

versus concrete Category width Cognitive complexity Compartmentalization Conceptual differentiation Conceptual integration Conceptual style

/pdf/are-cognitive-styles-still-in-style-3rjurxtiw9.pdf

Are Cognitive Styles Still in Style

https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/bul/100/1/19.pdf

Sex differences in human motor activity level.

Publisher Summary This chapter illustrates the development of cognitive inhibition using theories, definitions, and research evidence. Several contemporary developmental theories emphasize the role of changes in inhibitory efficiency in accounting for developmental changes in other aspects of cognition and behavior. A vital assumption of such approaches is that inhibitory mechanisms become more proficient during early development and decline in efficiency in later development. This chapter examines the tenability of the hypothesis that certain forms of cognitive inhibition improve in efficiency over childhood. It begins with a discussion on cognitive inhibition in the context of historical and contemporary inhibition models. It examines some of the key characteristics of the cognitive inhibition construct. It is focused on distinguishing between behavioral and cognitive inhibition and between inhibition and interference. Finally, it also examines intentional and automatic forms of cognitive inhibition as well as a review of recent research evidence concerning developmental changes in these variables.

The development of cognitive inhibition: Theories, definitions, and research evidence

Arousal and stereotype threat

The intent of this study was to document general behavioral correlates of cognitive impulsivity. Fourth-grade children were individually administered the Matching Familiar Figures (MFF) test, and the resulting measures (latency and errors) were correlated with a group administered scale of impulsivity, the Impulsivity Scale for Children (ISC) and eight teacher ratings evaluating the child on a series of different behaviors. No relationships existed between MFF measures and the ISC; and only one teacher rating correlated significantly with either MFF variable. This teacher rating (tendency to respond) was found to be the only discriminating teacher rating, and the high correlation between it and the MFF latency was explained because of the high task similarity between MFF requirements and the behaviors rated on “tendency to respond.” Cognitive impulsivity was not predicted by classroom behavior, implying that an individual's preferred conceptual tempo is not a part of a global impulsive behavior p...

Can Cognitive Impulsivity Be Predicted from Classroom Behavior

Visual and Haptic Training and Cross-Modal Transfer of Reflectivity.

15 male undergraduates were presented with 10-sided random forms which they explored visually, or one-handed haptically, or two-handed haptically. Forms were exposed for various durations and subjects were required to draw each form immediately after its removal. The results indicated that 30 sec. of one-handed exploration and 20 and 30 sec. of two-handed exploration produced performance comparable to just 2 sec. of visual exploration. Two-handed exploration was significantly superior to one-handed exploration only at the 20-sec. exposure duration. These results illustrate the disparity in the information-gathering capabilities between the visual and haptic systems.

Are two hands better than one? assessing information acquired from one- and two-handed haptic exploration of random forms.

Cognitive Style in Two Modalities: Vision and Audition.

The influence of over-the-counter (OTC) medicine commercials on children's choices concerning use of OTC medicines was investigated in two experiments. In the first, 115 third and fourth graders were exposed to commercials for six different OTC medicines or commercials for other products. They were then asked to recommend either a medicine or nonmedicine remedy for a child and an adult with various illnesses and/or problems. The OTC medicine commercials appeared to influence children's recommendations only with respect to use of sleeping pills. In the second experiment 234 third and fourth graders were exposed to either fever and cold medicine commercials, all of which were directed toward the child viewer, or nondrug commercials. Only the fever medicine commercials appeared to influence the children. It was concluded that OTC medicine commercials do not, in general, influence children's choices concerning use of those medicines. Possible exceptions to this general case are noted.

Eliot J. Butter

Papers

Can Cognitive Impulsivity Be Predicted from Classroom Behavior

Visual and Haptic Training and Cross-Modal Transfer of Reflectivity.

Are two hands better than one? assessing information acquired from one- and two-handed haptic exploration of random forms.

Cognitive Style in Two Modalities: Vision and Audition.

TV advertising of OTC medicines and its effects on child viewers