This text is a Stata-specific treatment of generalized linear mixed models, also known as multilevel or hierarchical models. These models are "mixed" in the sense that they allow fixed and random effects and are "generalized" in the sense that they are appropriate not only for continuous Gaussian responses but also for binary, count, and other types of limited dependent variables.

Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata, 3rd Edition

meaning of his findings. Chapter 5 succinctly summarizes the study. Those who already know Tim Owens’ research will find this book familiar; he previously published most of it in top-ranked journals. Still, these readers may experience a subtle synergy from reading the work as a whole. Considering the chapters on context selection and on context effects together, just after reading the overarching theoretical discussions, provides a much stronger sense of what happened to these young men than reading them separately. Readers who do not know this research will find a clearly written and technically excellent study. In short, Tim Owens has furthered our understanding of the impact of one of the most turbulent eras of recent U.S. history. He has done this with considerable theoretical and methodological sophistication—and that is quite an achievement. Sociologists of the life course, of the self, of the military, and of war and peace could all use this study as a starting point for expanding our understanding of how major social change affects the people caught up in them.

Between Sex and Power: Family in the World, 1900–2000

Scoring These are single items. We have found that we often have to follow up with telephone clarification for these items, no matter how they are written. You will need to figure out how stringent you want to be in your own research. For example, do you want to count an ER visit that resulted in an in-patient admission? Do you want to distinguish between acute and SNF nights in hospital (patients often can't distinguish)? Do you want to clarify whether the physician visits include infusions, allergy shots, dialysis, or diagnostic tests?

Health care utilization.

Influence factor analysis of migrants' settlement intention: Considering the characteristic of city

This book is part of the Oxford Reading Tree Fireflies series which offer a wide range of stimulating non-fiction titles for young children. It includes a variety of topics covering all areas of the curriculum, from science to citizenship. The books have a bright modern page design, and are illustrated with colour photographs. They are carefully graded across 10 levels and contain built-in progression and vocabulary repetition throughout. Books contain inside cover notes to support children in their reading. Help with childrens reading development is also available at www.oxfordowl.co.uk.

Push and pull

In this paper, we present a multidimensional fuzzy analysis of the levels and the patterns of poverty and social fragility of migrants’ families, in the Italian region of Lombardy, in year 2014 Migrants’ poverty emerges as a complex trait, better described as a stratification of nuanced patterns than in black and white terms; Lombard migrants are in fact affected, to different extents, by “a diffused sharing of deprivation facets” and cannot be trivially split into deprived and non-deprived The paper employs innovative data analysis tools from the Theory of Partially Ordered Sets; compared to mainstream monetary approaches, this leads to more realistic estimates of poverty diffusion and eliminates some well-known biases of standard evaluation procedures, providing strong support to the use of partial order concepts and tools in social evaluation studies

Multidimensional Analysis of Deprivation and Fragility Patterns of Migrants in Lombardy, Using Partially Ordered Sets and Self-Organizing Maps

Background: Family reunification of migrants in their destination country is often the result of a process that includes one or more steps and combines family and migration events. However, the lack of relevant data often limits the possibility of studying all these stages. Objective: The paper aims to identify family migration models by means of the entire family migration trajectory, highlighting the relationship of these models with the migration project and with the family, cultural, and gender norms of the country of origin. Methods: We used sequence analysis on a large sample of resident families with at least one foreign-born member in Italy, using data collected by the Italian Institute of Statistics in 2011–2012. We focused exclusively on migrants from less developed countries and the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Results: Our results indicate that family characteristics and stability in the host country are not always relevant for family reunification. Family, cultural, and gender norms of the home country and the nature of the migration project itself determine the family migration model. When the migration project becomes orientated, or converges over time to settlement, family reunification is pursued regardless of the possible difficulties and conditions during emigration. Conversely, during the time that migrants are maintaining a temporary project, family reunification is not even considered. Contribution: Adopting a longitudinal approach, we generalised and extended previous results, considering migrants from additional countries and studying the reunification of all family members. We compared family migration models and their association with gender, cultural, and family norms of the country of origin and the family migration project.

Family reunification – who, when, and how? Family trajectories among migrants in Italy

Onward migration is a rising issue in migration studies as a consequence of the growing complexity in migration patterns worldwide. This paper analyses historic and economic reasons behind the recent surge of onward migration from Southern European countries and, more specifically, Italy. Using 2014 ORIM data about short-term onward migration intentions and a logistic regression model, the paper explores factors that select aspirant onward migrants from Italy. The model tests the effects of socio-demographic and economic factors. The results of the study question the idea of citizenship as the highest level of integration in the host country and suggest that the recent wave of onward migration from Italy is mainly a reactive phenomenon triggered by the economic crisis. Most of all, this study explicitly underlines the role of gender in shaping intentions of short-term onward migration in Italy. The gender-sensible approach adopted in the present study shows the important role of women in the decision-making process of couples: female unemployment significantly increases intentions of onward migration, and the migration is also considered as an opportunity for the spouse and a gain in the economic prospects of the entire family. Conversely, female employment has a significant role in preventing onward migration.

Moving on? Gender, education, and citizenship as key factors among short-term onward migration planners

Third-country immigrants are over-represented among lower status workers in all EU countries and rarely achieve upward mobility. The present paper aims to analyse the migration trajectories of foreign-born women who entered the Italian labour market as domestic workers, in order to assess the role of personal and group characteristics in determining the chances of leaving this sector. The data were collected as part of a project studying the working trajectories of migrants in Italy. The survey was conducted during 2009 on 13,000 migrants aged 18 and over, living in Italy at the time of the interview and born in high emigration countries. We used a piecewise exponential model with random intercept for citizenship with time measured from the beginning of the person’s first domestic work in Italy. Our results show low exit rates from the domestic sector but we identify personal and group characteristics which facilitate exit from this segment of the labour market. Employment experience, including unskilled, has a positive effect on the transition in the host country, as do education achieved in the country of origin and higher levels of tasks and duties in the last job held in the country of origin, whereas ethnic networks limit access to other occupations. The aims of the women’s migration project include a strong emphasis on occupational mobility, whether they migrate for work or for family reasons. Finally, we find evidence of the existence of a “U-shaped” pattern in occupational mobility for this particular subpopulation of workers.

Female Labour Segregation in the Domestic Services in Italy

The decision to emigrate from the country of origin may not be a permanent one: migrants can decide to return home or to emigrate to a third country. This phenomenon, established for some time in certain other European countries, has become an important one for Italy only recently. This paper contributes to the knowledge of migrants’ intentions in two ways: on the one hand, it analyses the factors associated with indecision about future plans; on the other, it focuses on the desired length of stay and its relationship with attachments (family, economic, socio-cultural and psychological) to host and home country. We used two logistic regression models: one for migrants’ indecision and the other for migrants’ desired length of stay. The data were collected by survey, coordinated by the ISMU Foundation and conducted in 2008 and 2009 with more than 12,000 migrants living in Italy. According to our results, indecision seems to be associated with an intermediate phase of migration at the early stage of family development in the case of negative balance of the migration experience, while attachment to the host country is associated with longer stay, and no attachments or attachment to the country of origin are associated with shorter stay.

/pdf/intentions-on-desired-length-of-stay-among-immigrants-in-3f88thy3os.pdf

Elisa Barbiano di Belgiojoso

Papers

Multidimensional Analysis of Deprivation and Fragility Patterns of Migrants in Lombardy, Using Partially Ordered Sets and Self-Organizing Maps

Family reunification – who, when, and how? Family trajectories among migrants in Italy

Moving on? Gender, education, and citizenship as key factors among short-term onward migration planners

Female Labour Segregation in the Domestic Services in Italy

Intentions on desired length of stay among immigrants in Italy