Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy

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Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities

This article considers distributed leadership in the context of the extensive literature on post-bureaucratic organisations It suggests that both distributed leadership and bureaucracy are ideal types It outlines the development of bureaucracy as an organisational form, challenges the often-stereotypical criticisms that have damned the theory and questions the withdrawal of the field of educational leadership from constructive engagement It explores the notion that bureaucracy is conceived as a means of shaping and containing power in a way that is sophisticated and has developed considerably since Weber’s original idea The article also outlines the development of distributed leadership and critiques the assertion that it offers a means of redistributing power, arguing that there is little evidence that this happens in any reliable way It suggests that such reliance is often based on a limited zero-sum concept of power and a sanitised view of staff and organisations It concludes that bureaucracy off

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1741143217711190

Distributed Leadership and bureaucracy

Higher education plays an important role in economic growth, job creation and export performance. It also has implications for research and knowledge creation. However, there is a notable lack of studies conducted in MENA, and other Arab countries. In particular, there is a dearth of research in the context of Libya, which has been witnessed the massive transformation that in terms of its political, economic, and institutional environment; and, there is a need to explore and understand the current applied system of higher education funding.


Therefore, this study aims to investigate the Libyan government’s policies for the provision of funding to higher education. In addition, this study investigates and explores the obstacles and challenges experienced by the higher education sector in recent years. Furthermore, the study identifies the government policies, institutions and other factors influencing the decisions regarding the financial allocations to public universities.


This study adopts a qualitative approach to collect data using semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The data was analysed using the thematic analysis technique following the length guidelines of Braun and Clarke (2006).


The findings suggest that the operations of Libyan public universities are not only contingent upon government funding but also on the exploitation of universities’ resources. Besides, the findings reveal that there are certain factors behind the low levels of universities’ resources, such as legislation, government restrictions, lack of government encouragement and seriousness for universities to improve their income. The study also identifies various motivational factors behind government funding decisions. Furthermore, the findings confirm that, for universities and government agencies alike, economic (that is, resources available, government priorities, and instability of economic and political status in Libya), social (tribal as well as personal influence) and political factors (i.e., political clout, government and legislations restrictions) influence the distribution of resources.

An investigation into the Libyan Government policies relevant to financial resource allocation for public universities : an exploratory study

The literature on organisational culture suggests that ceremonies or rituals reinforce control. By contrast, this article contributes to the literature on resistance, culture and ceremony by arguin...

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The Day of the Rally: An ethnographic study of ‘ceremony as resistance’ and ‘resistance as ceremony’:

In this article we explore how neo-liberal and post neo-liberal policies threaten the humanities in post-secondary education as a potential site of democratic dialogue and social transformation. We distinguish between neo-liberalism and post neo-liberalism on the basis of the latter’s increased police suppression of democratic dissent. We are especially concerned with the impact of the repressive state apparatus on the critical public spaces traditionally provided by a humanities education. In response to this threat, we propose encouraging university faculty to assume a far more active political role in educating the general public on the relationship between the humanities and democratic societies.

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Emery J. Hyslop-Margison

Papers

Post Neo-Liberalism and the Humanities: What the Repressive State Apparatus Means for Universities