Expertise in Nursing Practice: Caring, Clinical Judgment and Ethics

The Spirit Level: why equality is better for everyone, edited by Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett, London, Penguin, 2010, 368 pp., £7.99, ISBN 9780141032368 I once submitted an article to an Amer...

The Spirit Level: why equality is better for everyone

La toma de decisiones en la practica diaria del enfermero necesita ser basada en conocimiento cientifico. La practica basada en evidencias es una aproximacion que establece la utilizacion de resultados de investigaciones en la practica clinica, con la revision integradora como uno de sus recursos. La finalidad de esta revision integradora es buscar y evaluar las evidencias disponibles sobre las intervenciones eficaces de enfermeria para la prevencion de lesiones de piel en el paciente quirurgico, en el periodo transoperatorio, o como resultado del mismo. Utilizamos dos bases de datos, Cinahl y Medline, para la seleccion de los articulos, resultando en una muestra de 14 articulos. Tras el analisis de los articulos incluidos en la revision, los resultados de los estudios indicaron que los dispositivos considerados los mas eficaces en la prevencion de lesiones de piel fueron, sucesivamente, el sistema de colchon dinamico pulsante multi-celula, la almohada de polimero seco visco-elastico y almohadas con gel.

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Prevención de lesiones de piel en el perioperatorio: revisión integradora de la literatura

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O desafio do conhecimento: pesquisa qualitativa em saúde

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Uma Agenda para a Saúde

Internments suitable for Primary Healthcare constitute a new indicator used in some countries to indirectly measure the resolution capability of Primary Healthcare. The scope of this study is to present the panorama of the internments suitable for primary healthcare in Sao Paulo State. An ecological descriptive study was carried out for the period from 2000 to 2007. The data were generated by patient's county of residence and grouped by Regional Health Departments. The Information Systems of the Health Ministry and the population estimates of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) were used to obtain the data of all patients. The internments suitable for primary healthcare in the state follow a tendency toward reduction suggesting a connection with the adoption of the Family Health Program. A reduction in internments for diabetes was detected and attention was drawn to the increase of internment for illnesses related to prenatal care and childbirth. In light of the recent publication of the Brazilian Diagnostics List, studies that analyze the statistics from it can be very useful for managers involved with primary care, and can serve as benchmarks for quality and contribute to assessment for the implementation of health policies in Brazil.

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Internment for conditions suitable for primary healthcare in Sao Paulo state

Saúde coletiva: construindo um novo método em enfermagem

The purpose of this exploratory, descriptive and retrospective study with a quantitative approach was to characterize violence against children in Curitiba. Reports of 2004 through 2008 about compulsory denouncements of violence cases were analyzed. The results showed an increase in violence, with home violence as the most frequent type and five to nine-year-olds as the most affected group, and negligence and physical violence as the most denounced forms of violence. Almost 81% of the sexual violence is performed against girls and the father is the main aggressor, showing inequality in gender relations and between generations. The importance of notification as a visibility instrument is highlighted. Other confrontation measures are necessary though, such as the promotion of equitable relationships of gender and generation, and cross-sectional policies that involve the social segments in a praxis that transforms reality.

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Characteristics of violence against children in a Brazilian Capital

The study aimed to understand the evaluative limits and possibilities of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in acknowledging and confronting the health needs of women experiencing gender-based violence. This was a case study with a qualitative approach, conducted in a Basic Health Unit that operated under the FHS in Sao Paulo (SP). Data were collected through interviews with health professionals of the multidisciplinary teams, and women users of the service who experienced gender-based violence. The results were analyzed according to the analytical categories: gender, gender-based violence and health needs. Medicalization was seen as the most significant limitation of professional practice. Moreover, there were opportunities related to the bond afforded by the logic of attention brought by the FHS. Such possibilities, however, were still curtailed by the limitations of the biomedical model and the absence of specific technologies to deal with violence.

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Limites e possibilidades avaliativas da Estratégia Saúde da Família para a violência de gênero

Trata-se de pesquisa sobre a visao do agente comunitario de saude acerca da violencia contra a mulher e as praticas cuidativas correspondentes, desenvolvidas no nivel da atencao basica de saude. Teve como objetivo compreender o posicionamento e as praticas cuidativas no cotidiano do trabalho em saude, para subsidiar processos de qualificacao do trabalhador a respeito do tema. O referencial teorico-metodologico foi a violencia de genero como construto social e a ideologia como produto social e norteador das praticas de saude. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante aplicacao de questionario com perguntas fechadas, acerca do posicionamento diante de fatos da realidade assistencial. Os resultados mostraram posicoes e concepcoes majoritariamente apoiadas no senso comum, ou seja, nada diferindo das mulheres vitimas de violencia ou leigos em geral, levando a conclusao de que e necessario ampliar o espaco de discussao do problema, propiciando a introducao da perspectiva de genero no reconhecimento e no atendimento as mulheres.

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Emiko Yoshikawa Egry

Papers

Internment for conditions suitable for primary healthcare in Sao Paulo state

Saúde coletiva: construindo um novo método em enfermagem

Characteristics of violence against children in a Brazilian Capital

Limites e possibilidades avaliativas da Estratégia Saúde da Família para a violência de gênero

Domestic violence against women from the perspective of the community health agent