Amphibians are part of biodiversity that spread in various places in the world. Amphibians have an important role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem as part of the food chain system. However, lack of public understanding caused the potential of Anura amphibians to have not been explored optimally hence research on Anura amphibians in the Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park (Tahura WAR) is very important to support Anura's conservation efforts. This study aims to understand and identify the diversity of Anura order amphibians in the Protection and Utilization Blocks of the Tahura WAR on forest and river habitat types. Data was collected by using Line Transect and Visual Encounter Survey method. Data collection using Line Transect was conducted by making a narrow transverse path at the observation site, while the Visual Encounter Survey was conducted by making a wildlife observation path with 3 replications. Analysis of the data used included amphibian diversity, community similarity index, and species evenness. The results found 25 individuals of Anura amphibians in the Protection Block and 40 individuals in the Utilization Block of Tahura WAR. Overall, 65 individuals were found consisting of 3 species of amphibians from 2 families i. e., 2 species of the Ranidae family and 1 species of the Bufonidae family. The results showed that the species diversity index, species richness index, and community similarity index in the Protection and Utilization Blocks of Tahura WAR were categorized as low. Reforestation needs to be done so that the Anura habitat is maintained. Keywords: amphibian, biodiversity, order Anura, Tahura WAR

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Keanekaragaman Amfibi Ordo Anura di Blok Perlindungan dan Blok Pemanfaatan Hutan Pendidikan Konservasi Terpadu, Taman Hutan Raya Wan Abdul Rachman (The Diversity of Amphibian from Order Anura in the Protected and Utilization Blocks of Integrated Educational Conservation Forest, Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park)

This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate and to identify parasites (endoparasite and ectoparasite) on Java Langur and Silvery Gibbon, these primates are rehabilitated in The Aspinall Foundation Indonesia Program. This research was conducted from February until October 2020. The fecal examination methods used in this research were native method and ovatec flotation method, while the ectoparasite examination used native method, mounting method, and scraping method. Based on a total of 68 samples examined, the result showed that 10 samples were positive infected by Trichuris trichiura and 2 samples were infested by Pedicinus ancoratus . The conclusion of this study indicated that the prevalence rate of Trichuris trichiura was 21.1% and Pedicinus ancoratus was 5.3% on 19 West Java Langurs, the prevalence rate of Trichuris trichiura was 3.3% and Pedicinus ancoratus was 3.3% on 30 East Java Langurs, the prevalence rate of Trichuris trichiura was 26.3% and no infestation of Pedicinus ancoratus was found on 19 Silvery Gibbons.

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Identification of Ectoparasites and Endoparasites on Java Langurs (Trachypithecus sp.) and Silvery Gibbons (Hylobates moloch) in The Aspinall Foundation Indonesia Program

Penyu lekang (Lepidochelys olivacea) yang sejenis dengan penyu hijau adalah termasuk ke dalam kategori terancam punah oleh IUCN. Penyu lekang termasuk jenis karnivora yang memakan kepiting, udang dan kerang remis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk engelolaan konservasi penyu lekang. Makalah ini membahas tentang identifikasi penyu, data pendaratan dan penetasan telur penyu lekang, deskripsi penyu dan proses kegiatan konservasi penyu lekang. Kegiatan ini berlokasi di Pantai Cemara, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pengamatan secara langsung dengan pengambilan data primer berupa dokumentasi, observasi, wawancara, kegiatan penangkaran, identifikasi jenis penyu dan data sekunder. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa upaya konservasi pada penyu lekang yang dilakukan yaitu Teknis Peneluran Penyu Lekang (Lepidochelys olivacea), Kegiatan Monitoring, Proses Penetasan, Penyelamatan dan Relokasi Telur Penyu, Masa Inkubasi, Pemeliharaan Tukik Penyu, Pelepasan Tukik Penyu, dan Edukasi Pengunjung. Koordinasi antara instansi terkait dan masyarakat dalam menangani dan menyelamatkan kepunahan dari penyu lekang saat ini sudah berjalan dengan baik. Diharapkan dengan adanya upaya konservasi penyu tersebut, penyu lekang tetap dapat dilestarikan.The sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), which is similar to the green turtle, is included in the IUCN endangered category. The sea turtle is a carnivorous species that eat crabs, shrimp and mussels. The purpose of this study is to manage the conservation of the turtledove. This paper discusses the discovery of turtles, data, hatching of the turtle eggs, and description and process of the olive ridley turtle. This activity is located at Cemara Beach, Banyuwangi, East Java. The method used is the direct observation by collecting primary data, documentation, observation, interviews, captive activities, turtle species and secondary data. The results showed that the olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) conservation efforts were carried out, monitoring activities, hatching processes, saving and relocating turtle rearing eggs, incubation period, turtle hatchlings, releasing turtle hatchlings, and educating visitors. Coordination between relevant agencies and the community in handling and saving the extinction of the turtledove is currently going well. It is hoped that with these turtle conservation efforts, the turtle can still be preserved.

UPAYA KONSERVASI PENYU LEKANG (Lepidochelys olivacea) DI WILAYAH KONSERVASI EDUKASI MANGROVE DAN PENYU PANTAI CEMARA, BANYUWANGI, JAWA TIMUR

PT. Ketapang Industrial Forest is a national private company engaged in the exploitation of industrial forest plantations (HTI) located in Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan Province with an area of ± 100,150 Ha. PT. The Ketapang Industrial Forest has several types of ecosystems, one of which is the open wetland forest ecosystem. PT. Ketapang Industrial Forest is an Industrial Plantation Forest Company with the type being cultivated is rubber. The purpose of this study was to examine the composition of herpetofauna species in the open wetland forest ecosystem type and rubber plantations in the open wetland ecosystem. The method used is the VES (Visual Encounter Survey) method or a visual encounter survey combined with a 600 m long line system (Transect) in both areas. The width of the observation transects is 5 meters each on the left and right and is carried out by walking in a zikzak manner following the observation path. Observations showed that herpetofauna species consisted of amphibians and reptiles in natural ecosystem types and rubber plantations. Types of herpetofauna in both areas found 17 species from 12 species of amphibian class and 5 species of reptile class, with a total number of 38 individuals consisting of 8 families. The amphibians found consisted of the Ranidae, Dicroglossidae, Bufonidae and Rharcophoridae families. The reptiles found were the Colubridae, Natricidae, Geomydidae and Varanidae families.

Komposisi jenis herpetofauna di areal konsesi pt. hutan ketapang industri kabupaten ketapang

Six species of sea turtles are recognized living in the Indonesia Archipelago and four of them are known for their nesting habitats. The study of sea turtles nesting habitats has been conducted at several locations in Indonesia. Almost all islands in Indonesia are suitable for sea turtles nesting sites, including Tambelan Archipelago in the Karimata Strait and habitat conditions are known to play a vital role in sea turtle nesting activity. Unfortunately, the study of sea turtle ecology, particularly nesting habitats, in this region are still scarce. This study aimed to describe nesting habitat characteristics of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Tambelan Archipelago. In-situ observation were conducted from March – May, 2019. A total of eleven nesting sites of green sea turtles were found during the period of study. The Tambelan Archipelago have ecological characteristics with natural, functional, and suitable area for a green sea turtle nesting activity. Coastal communities around nesting sites were found to be ideal for sea turtle nesting habitats. This condition will be able to survive if location can be conserved and sustainably managed.

Nesting habitat characteristics of green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) in the Tambelan archipelago, Indonesia

Data was collected using VES (Visual Encounter Survey) methods in which we observed and recorded any species that had been seen. Methods VES (Visual Encounter Survey) was combined with transect sampling. We surveyed two transects, one located in aquatic and one in terrestrial habitats. This study aims to calculate the species diversity, species richness, relative abundance, and evenness index for this population. We found 22 species of amphibians and reptiles. This total contains 11 species (Frog and Toad) of Order Anura included in the families Bufonidae (3 genus), Dicroglossidae (1 species), Ranidae (4 genus), Rhacophoridae (1 genus), and Microhylidae (2 genus); and 11 species of  Order Squamata included in the family Agamidae (2 genus), Gekkonidae (3 genus), Scincidae (2 genus), Varanidae (1 genus), and Colubridae (4 genus). We calculated that for this community, the diversity index was 1.04, the evenness index was 0.77, the richness index was 4.03, the abundance index was 0.044, the results and dominance index was 4.03, and the total number of individuals encountered was 183. Keywords: Amphibians and reptiles, Diversity, Visual Encounter Survey.

Keanekaragaman herpetofauna di kawasan tambling wildlife nature conservation (twnc) taman nasional bukit barisan selatan (tnbbs) pesisir barat lampung

Proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb) is a primate that included in the family of Cercopithecidae. Proboscis monkeys are rare and endemic animals of Borneo, they are protected species and classified in Appendix I of CITES with the conservation status are endangered by the IUCN. The area of IUPHHK-HT PT. Bina Silva Nusa and its surroundings are the habitat of the proboscis with the mean mangrove forests and peat bogs. The purposes of this research are to obtain data and information of the habitat of proboscis monkeys in the area of IUPHHK-HT in the form of tree species, feed trees, sleeping trees , water, temperature and humidity. The data collecting was limited on the location that discovers the groups of proboscis monkeys and the sleeping place of proboscis. The research method was using terraced path to investigate the species of trees and undergrowth as the habitat and the potential feed source tree and the tree of sleep. The Habitat of proboscis monkeys on the three type of forest relatively had good vegetation structure. There are 21 species of trees and undergrowth was found as a food source and also used as a sleeping tree. The preferred tree species are the white mangrove (rhizophora apiculata), dungun (Heritiera globosa), ubah (Syzygium spp), ketiau (Ganua motleyana) and undergrowth piai lasa (Acrostichum speciosum). Water was known the salinity average of 15,5 o / oo - 22,5 o / oo with mean of  pH of 3,75 – 5,5. Results of research on air temperature of habitat of proboscis monkey ranged between 25,8 ° C to 33 °C and the humidity ranged from 71,67% to 81, 33%. Keywords: Feed Trees, Habitat of Proboscis Monkey, PT. Bina Silva Nusa, Sleeping Trees

HABITAT BEKANTAN (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb) DI DALAM DAN SEKITAR AREAL IUPHHK-HT PT. BINA SILVA NUSA KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Sea turtles are a protected animal because its population is almost extinct. There are six species of sea turtles in Indonesia, the only one species of turtle that was never found in Indonesia is camps's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempi). Six species of sea turtles are found in Indonesia’s water are leatherbacks (Dermochelys cociacea), green turtle (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and Olive Ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea), turtle flat (Natator depressus), loggerhead (Caretta caretta). Four endangered species of sea turtles are leatherback turtle (Dermochelys cociacea), green turtle (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and Olive Ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea). The research was conducted in ​​the Nature Park District area of Tanjung Belimbing Paloh, Sambas using observationmethod. These observations were made on the area that has 9193 meters long coastline and beach slope 6-12%. Result of field analysis showing that was the turtle nesting habitat characteristics was sand temperature 28.2 ° C - 29.8 ° C, sand moisture content 5.2%, 99.43% texture of sand, temperature air 23 ° C - 29 ° C, humidity 73% - 79%. During the study has been found four green turtles (Chelonia mydas) with the longest carapace was 120 cm, the shortest carapace was 90 cm, the biggest carapace width was 85 cm and the smallest was 66 cm. The turtle nesting time ranging between 20:00 pm - 2:00 pm. The threat like beach abrasion. The biggest threat still comes from human action and behavior where turtle’s egg used for consumption, trade and habitat destruction due to the garbage that comes from the sea. Keywords: Habitat characteristics sea turtles, TWA Tanjung Belimbing

Karakteristik habitat tempat bertelur penyu di kawasan taman wisata alam tanjung belimbing kecamatan paloh kabupaten sambas

Peatlands have enormous potential to produce food sources for supporting population growth. Farmers generally prefer plants that can adapt to changing conditions. However, challenges remain, such as limited knowledge of local community about peatlands’ function and management. Local community practices endogenous knowledge to manage peatlands, but it is rarely documented as best practice for peatlands management in Indonesia. This study aims to understand endogenous management implemented by local community for sustainable peat cultivation. The management is currently considered as the best solution to solve problems related to peatlands management. The study was carried out in Tumbang Nusa Village, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province, using a semi-participatory approach with a stratified purposive sampling for selecting participants of in-depth interviews and field observations. An investigation of endogenous management related to biophysical aspects that determines sustainability was done by identifying main characteristics of peatlands in the dry season. The data were analyzed qualitatively by using Use Value. The results show that the community applied agroforestry systems interspersed with introduced plants. There were seven patterns implemented by the community, including pineapple-forest crops-seasonal fruit-food based, rubber-forest crops-seasonal fruit/food-based, a combination of forest plants, a combination of forest plants-annual introduced plants, a combination of forest plants-annual/food crops, and a combination of annual crops. The seven patterns based on the local wisdom are suitable for peatlands. It is in accordance with modern peat management which considered as the form of a pure Paludiculture and an intensive semi Paludiculture.

https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1025/1/012005

Erianto

Papers

Keanekaragaman herpetofauna di kawasan tambling wildlife nature conservation (twnc) taman nasional bukit barisan selatan (tnbbs) pesisir barat lampung

HABITAT BEKANTAN (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb) DI DALAM DAN SEKITAR AREAL IUPHHK-HT PT. BINA SILVA NUSA KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Karakteristik habitat tempat bertelur penyu di kawasan taman wisata alam tanjung belimbing kecamatan paloh kabupaten sambas

A study of sustainable peat cultivation implemented by the community of Tumbang Nusa Village, Central Kalimantan