https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/365946.pdf

The use of plants in the traditional management of diabetes in Nigeria: pharmacological and toxicological considerations.

Ethnopharmacological field studies: a critical assessment of their conceptual basis and methods.

Phyllanthus amarus: Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology: A review

Malaria is still the most destructive and dangerous parasitic infection in many tropical and subtropical countries. The burden of this disease is getting worse, mainly due to the increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum against the widely available antimalarial drugs. There is an urgent need for new, more affordable and accessible antimalarial agents possessing original modes of action. Natural products have played a dominant role in the discovery of leads for the development of drugs to treat human diseases, and this fact anticipates that new antimalarial leads may certainly emerge from tropical plant sources. This present review covers most of the recently-published non-alkaloidal natural compounds from plants with antiplasmodial and antimalarial properties, belonging to the classes of terpenes, limonoids, flavonoids, chromones, xanthones, anthraquinones, miscellaneous and related compounds, besides the majority of papers describing antiplasmodial crude extracts published in the last five years not reviewed before. In addition, some perspectives and remarks on the development of new drugs and phytomedicines for malaria are succinctly discussed.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/14/8/3037/pdf

Plant-derived antimalarial agents: new leads and efficient phytomedicines. Part II. Non-alkaloidal natural products.

https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/8064/1/Potential%20antimalarials%20from%20Nigerian%20plants.pdf

Potential antimalarials from Nigerian plants: a review.

Ethnobotanical survey of Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria.

Evaluation of antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic seed extract of Picralima nitida.

Dacryodes edulis is a dioecious, small to medium-sized tree, reaching 20 to 25 m high. Different parts of the plant are used to treat many diseases including skin infections, digestive tract disorder and dysentery. The leaves were macerated in 50% ethanol and the liquid extract concentrated to dryness. The dry extract was evaluated for antibacterial activity by using agar diffusion method. The extract was partitioned between water, ethyl acetate and butanol successively and further subjected to antibacterial testing. The most active fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, was purified through various chromatographic methods to obtain pure compounds identified by spectroscopic methods as ethylgallate and quercitrin. These compounds gave good antibacterial effects, while the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the fractions and the pure compounds ranged between 12.5 and 250 µg/ml. These phenolic compounds are reported for the first time in this plant.

	 

	Key word: Dacryodes edulis, antibacterial activity, ethylgallate, quercitrin.

/pdf/antibacterial-constituents-of-the-leaves-of-dacryodes-edulis-u8l87lzsmz.pdf

Antibacterial constituents of the leaves of Dacryodes edulis

1 Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria 2 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria. *Corresponding Author Email: peterabia7@gmail.com Phone Number: +2347066594948 This study evaluates the use of saliva as a biological fluid for UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis of artemisinin derivatives: artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in Nigerian subjects. The absorbance of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin saliva samples was measured using the UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The samples were analysed with and without coupling to benzene diazonium chloride (chromogenic agent). The saliva samples collected from the subjects at various time intervals after the administration of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin at λmax of 318nm and 312nm, respectively, showed significant accuracy and sensitivity of the method. A standard curve of artesunate gave a straight line with a standard deviation of 0.008178, with LOD and LOQ values of 35.80μg/mL and 108.485μg/mL, respectively. The standard curve of dihydroartemisinin gave a straight line with a standard deviation of 0.0000940, with LOD and LOQ values of 4.094μg/mL and 12.405μg/mL, respectively. Due to its ease of obtainment and greater patient acceptability, saliva sampling analysis using spectrophotometric methods is beneficial in the pharmacokinetic study of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin.

Pharmacokinetic and Bioanalytical Consideration of the Salivary Concentration of Artesunate and Dihydroartemisinin in Nigerian Volunteer Subjects: Using Spectrophotometric Methods

Etienne E. Essien

Papers

Ethnobotanical survey of Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria.

Evaluation of antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic seed extract of Picralima nitida.

Antibacterial constituents of the leaves of Dacryodes edulis

Pharmacokinetic and Bioanalytical Consideration of the Salivary Concentration of Artesunate and Dihydroartemisinin in Nigerian Volunteer Subjects: Using Spectrophotometric Methods