Showing papers by "Eugene Garfield published in 1987"

100 Citation Classics From The Journal of the American Medical Association

Abstract: The 100 most-cited JAMA articles were identified using the 1955 through 1983 Science Citation Index of the Institute for Scientific Information. The most-cited article received 705 citations, while the least-cited article received 158. The oldest was published in 1910 and the most recent in 1976. These articles describe important medical advances in areas such as asbestos exposure, smoking, and oral contraceptives. Most of the 285 JAMA authors are Americans and include Baruch S. Blumberg and Edward A. Doisy, both Nobel laureates. Thirteen of the articles were included in JAMA 's original landmark series; the editorial committee used a combination of peer review and citation frequency to select 51 articles. ( JAMA 1987;257:52-59)

Refereeing and Peer Review. Part 4. Research on the Peer Review of Grant Proposals and Suggestions for Improvement

Abstract: This is the conclusion to a four-part series on refereeing and peer review in science. The first two parts discussed the refereeing of scholarly articles prior to publication. 1.2 The third part focused on the mechanics of the peer-review system for the evaluation of research-grant proposals at the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and opinions about those systems.s This part examines the research on peer review and some proposed alternatives and improvements.

Science-Writing Awards: Recognition and Reward for Promoting Public Understanding and Awareness of Science

Abstract: In a recent editorial in lle Scientistm, I discussed science-supporting professions. 1 Some of these occupations, such as the profession of science critic, have yet to be established formally, while others have become familiar. One of these is science writer, a classification that can include newspaper and magazine journalists as well as book authors. As I noted in The Sciersfisf, the job of science journalist became prominent as a result of science’s increasing importance to society. Today’s current events—including such issues as satellite defense systems and other aspects of the arms race, nuclear power, AIDS research— show how closely the fate of humankind has become linked to developments in science and technology. In these times there is a continuing need for the public to be accurately and reliably informed on these issues, as well as on more mundane aspects of science research and policy. Thus, the occupation of science writer or science journalist has never been more important. In this essay, therefore, I want to discuss awards that recognize excellence in science writing. This seems only reasonable considering the space we have devoted to awards for scientific research. According to Jon Franklin, formerly of the Baltimore Evening Sun and now of the University of Maryland College of Journalism, College Park, the value of awards to joumalkts should not be underestimated.z In the natural pecking order of the typical American newspaper, science writing has not been a high priority. This appears to be March 23, 1987