A review of definitions and measures of system resilience

The application of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems to civil engineering structures has been a developing studied and practiced topic, that has allowed for a better understanding of structures’ conditions and increasingly lead to a more cost-effective management of those infrastructures In this field, the use of fiber optic sensors has been studied, discussed and practiced with encouraging results The possibility of understanding and monitor the distributed behavior of extensive stretches of critical structures it’s an enormous advantage that distributed fiber optic sensing provides to SHM systems In the past decade, several R & D studies have been performed with the goal of improving the knowledge and developing new techniques associated with the application of distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) in order to widen the range of applications of these sensors and also to obtain more correct and reliable data This paper presents, after a brief introduction to the theoretical background of DOFS, the latest developments related with the improvement of these products by presenting a wide range of laboratory experiments as well as an extended review of their diverse applications in civil engineering structures

A review of distributed optical fiber sensors for civil engineering applications

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on transportation infrastructure system performance in disasters Specifically, it reviews those articles appearing in refereed journals, conference proceedings, and technical reports since the late 1990s that provide insights and tools for the assessment of anticipated transportation system performance, along with its management, given the possibility of physical damage resulting from a future hazard event In the considered literature, performance may be gauged under characteristics of risk, vulnerability, reliability, robustness, flexibility, survivability, and resilience, the most common concepts or measures in the literature In addition to providing an archive and synthesis of recent literature on this topic, the approximately 200 articles are classified based on a host of criteria, including applied measure (qualitative or quantitative), conceptual approach, and methodology

Measuring the performance of transportation infrastructure systems in disasters: a comprehensive review

Modeling infrastructure resilience using Bayesian networks

A state-of-the-art review of parameters influencing measurement and modeling of skid resistance of asphalt pavements

Evaluating and optimizing resilience of airport pavement networks

A triaxial cross-anisotropic viscoelastic-viscoplastic constitutive model for asphalt aggregate mixtures is developed for the small-strain domain. The model follows the concept of strain decomposition by separately analyzing the viscoelastic and viscoplastic strain components. In order to calibrate the model, advanced triaxial testing was employed which included both hydrostatic and uniaxial creep and recovery cycles. The test-data is presented and analyzed along with the derivation of all model parameters. It is shown that the proposed model correlates extremely well with the entire test-data in both axial and radial directions.

Triaxial small-strain viscoelastic-viscoplastic modeling of asphalt aggregate mixes

The modeling of asphalt concrete materials is currently handled using linear viscoelasticity (VE) and viscoplasticity (VP) with damage. Exploratory frequency sweep and creep and recovery test results indicate that the linear VE with damage theory cannot represent the material response unless damage–healing is also included in the formulation. Therefore, the concept of effective stress, used for modeling damage, is extended to include additional nonlinear effects. A new theory of nonlinear VE with damage and VP is presented for uniaxial loading conditions in tension. A special load transfer device is described. It allows very fast unloading and very long recovery periods with complete unloading. It permits better separation between VE and VP components. Using this device, a uniaxial tension creep and recovery test is conducted and analyzed. The nonlinear material response is illustrated and a calibration of the damage function is presented. The formulation is being extended to three-dimensional conditions.

Advanced testing and characterization of asphalt concrete materials in tension

On-specimen strain measurement with fiber optic distributed sensing

In this paper, a slightly different approach than usual is suggested to interpret complex modulus results for asphalt-aggregate mixes. Similar to current/common methods, the proposed analysis “forces” the test data to comply with thermo-rheological simplicity and linear viscoelastic (solid) behavior. However, unlike current methods, use is made of both dynamic modulus and phase angle data to obtain a master curve along with the corresponding time-temperature shifting. This is done by assuming a mathematical expression for the relaxation spectrum instead of an equation for the dynamic modulus master curve. Consequently, better compliance with linear viscoelastic theory is a-priori ensured for all subsequent analyses. Moreover, using the proposed method, conversion of the test results from the frequency domain to the time domain arises as a natural and simple outcome of the procedure which does not require sophisticated inversion techniques that are known to be computationally problematic. Complex modulus test results obtained for three different asphalt mixes are presented and analyzed in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method.

Eyal Levenberg

Papers

Evaluating and optimizing resilience of airport pavement networks

Triaxial small-strain viscoelastic-viscoplastic modeling of asphalt aggregate mixes

Advanced testing and characterization of asphalt concrete materials in tension

On-specimen strain measurement with fiber optic distributed sensing

Interpretation of Complex Modulus Test Results for Asphalt-Aggregate Mixes