THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Application of Taguchi optimization technique in determining plastic injection molding process parameters for a thin-shell part

In this article, deep ball-burnishing as a mechanical surface treatment for improving productivity and quality of rotating shafts is presented. When this technique is combined and applied after conventional turning, the resulting process is rapid, simple and cost-effective, directly applicable in lathes and turning centers of production lines. This process provides good surface finish, high compressive residual stresses, and hardness increment of the surface layer. These characteristics are the key for the fatigue life improvement of the component, and for wear resistance due to the higher hardness. This work presents a complete analysis of the principal beneficial aspects produced by the application of ball-burnishing. To determinate the influence of each process parameter, several tests were carried out. Once the optimum parameters were established, a complete analysis of the surface characteristics was performed. Surface topographies, sub-surface micro-hardness and residual stresses were measured. Complementary, a finite element model of ball-burnishing was used to understand and predict residual stress values and their variety with the process parameters. Results show that burnishing is an economical and feasible mechanical treatment for the quality improvement of rotating components, not only in surface roughness but in compressive residual stresses as well.

http://www.ehu.eus/manufacturing/docpubli/316.pdf

Surface improvement of shafts by the deep ball-burnishing technique

The volumetric accuracy of machine tools is represented by a map of position and orientation error vectors of the tool over the volume concerned. Numerical compensation for volumetric error is possible in many latest commercial CNCs for machine tools. This paper reviews indirect measurement schemes for machine tool kinematics, in which the tool center position is measured as the superposition of error motions of linear or rotary axes. Each error motion can be separately identified by best-fitting a set of measured tool center positions to the kinematic model of machine tools. Indirect measurement schemes for the kinematics of three orthogonal linear axes, as well as the fiveaxis kinematics with two rotary axes, will be reviewed.

Indirect Measurement of Volumetric Accuracy for Three-Axis and Five-Axis Machine Tools: A Review

/pdf/advanced-modeling-and-optimization-of-manufacturing-13zl35m5o1.pdf

Advanced Modeling and Optimization of Manufacturing Processes

Freeform surface finish of plastic injection mold by using ball-burnishing process

Surface finishing of hardened and tempered stainless tool steel using sequential ball grinding, ball burnishing and ball polishing processes on a machining centre

The objective of this study is to determine the optimal plane ball-burnishing parameters for plastic injection moulding steel PDS5 on a machining centre by utilising the Taguchi's orthogonal array method. The design and manufacture of a burnishing tool are described. Four burnishing parameters, namely the ball material, burnishing speed, burnishing force and feed, were selected as the experimental factors in Taguchi's design of experiments to determine the optimal burnishing parameters which have the dominant influence on surface roughness. The optimal burnishing parameters were found after carrying out the experiments specified by Taguchi's L 18 orthogonal table, by the analysis of variation, and by a full factorial experiment. The optimal plane burnishing parameters for the plastic injection moulding steel PDS5 were a combination of a tungsten carbide ball, a burnishing speed of 200 mm/min, a burnishing force of 300 N and a feed of 40 μm. The surface roughness R a of the specimen can be improved from about I μm to 0.07 μm by using the optimal burnishing parameters for plane burnishing.

Determination of optimal ball-burnishing parameters for plastic injection moulding steel

Ultra-precision surface finish of NAK80 mould tool steel using sequential ball burnishing and ball polishing processes

An automated optical inspection system for the runout tolerance of circular saw blades comprises a rotating device, a first and a second optical inspection module, and a computing device. The rotating device is used to rotate a circular saw blade. The circular saw blade includes multiple teeth, and each tooth has a side and a back. The first/second optical inspection module is used to capture a side/back image of the tooth. The computing device activates the rotating device to rotate the circular saw blade, and activates the first and the second optical inspection module to capture the side image and the back image of each tooth upon rotation of the circular saw blade. The computing device performs a radial-position-calculating procedure according to the side images, to obtain an amount of radial runout, and performs an axial-position-calculating procedure according to the back images, to obtain an amount of axial runout.

Fang-Jung Shiou

Papers

Freeform surface finish of plastic injection mold by using ball-burnishing process

Surface finishing of hardened and tempered stainless tool steel using sequential ball grinding, ball burnishing and ball polishing processes on a machining centre

Determination of optimal ball-burnishing parameters for plastic injection moulding steel

Ultra-precision surface finish of NAK80 mould tool steel using sequential ball burnishing and ball polishing processes

Automated optical inspection system for the runout tolerance of circular saw blades