Performance evaluation for the lightning location system (LLS) of the power grid in Guangdong Province, China, was conducted based on observation data of the triggered lightning flashes obtained in Conghua, Guangzhou, during 2007–11 and natural lightning flashes to tall structures obtained in Guangzhou during 2009–11. The results show that the flash detection efficiency and stroke detection efficiency were about 94% (58/62) and 60% (97/162), respectively. The arithmetic mean and median values for location error were estimated to be about 710 and 489 m, respectively, when more than two reporting sensors were involved in the location retrieval (based on 87 samples). After eliminating one obviously abnormal sample, the absolute percentage errors of peak current estimation were within 0.4%–42%, with arithmetic mean and median values of about 16.3% and 19.1%, respectively (based on 21 samples).

Performance Evaluation for a Lightning Location System Based on Observations of Artificially Triggered Lightning and Natural Lightning Flashes

Due to the rapid development of distributed renewable generation, an effective risk assessment and early warning mechanism for active distribution networks is of great significance to maintain the system reliability and enhance energy grid resilience. In this paper, a novel risk assessment model is proposed to assess the probability of potential disturbances to the grid and provide accurate advice for trading prosumers’ renewable energy. The model can compute node failure probability (FP) for transmission networks as well as the area FP for distribution networks, while combining the two perspectives by topology analysis. A weather threshold value is first derived to define the extreme weather condition. Then the FP of transmission lines is calculated by joint probability models under four instances of extreme climate. For distribution networks, the weather influence is obtained by applying the Rare Events Logistic Regression model initially. Then the equipment fault related to the geographical feature is captured using feeder taxonomy and hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, the accidental factor as a new parameter is introduced to evaluate the vandalism, vegetation, and operating fault to the grid. Finally, the warning information and advice for customers will be presented after fault chain analysis. The FP for a specific area in Australia is analyzed in case studies to verify the proposed model.

A Statistical Risk Assessment Framework for Distribution Network Resilience

Optimal route selection of a transmission line is significantly beneficial to reduce its lightning trip-out rate. This paper proposes a method, considering the minimal annual flash number to transmission lines, to select the optimal route from the initial point to the destination based on the lightning location system. First, the ground flash density and distribution of lightning peak current maps are drawn via the improved grid method. The flash grid and flash node are proposed based on these maps. The objective function is expressed as the summation of the grid distance of the flash node, and solved via the Dijkstra algorithm. The conditional minimum transit cost is also provided to find the optimal corridor. Five 500-kV transmission lines are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results indicate that the annual expected flash numbers of all lines are markedly reduced.

Optimization of Transmission-Line Route Based on Lightning Incidence Reported by the Lightning Location System

Characteristics of a bipolar cloud-to-ground lightning flash containing a positive stroke followed by three negative strokes

Smart grid has become an inexorable trend of energy and economy development worldwide Since the development of smart grid was put forward in China in 2009, we have obtained abundant research results and practical experiences as well as extensive attention from international community in this field This paper reviews the key technologies and demonstration projects on new energy connection forecasts; energy storage; smart substations; disaster prevention and reduction for power transmission lines; flexible DC transmission; distribution automation; distributed generation access and micro grid; smart power consumption; the comprehensive demonstration of power distribution and utilization; smart power dispatching and control systems; and the communication networks and information platforms of China, systematically, on the basis of 5 fields, ie, renewable energy integration, smart power transmission and transformation, smart power distribution and consumption, smart power dispatching and control systems and information and communication platforms Meanwhile, it also analyzes and compares with the developmental level of similar technologies abroad, providing an outlook on the future development trends of various technologies

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/199/1/012062/pdf

A Review on Development Practice of Smart Grid Technology in China

In the past 20 years,lightning location system is the most widely used lightning detection measurement in the field of lightning engineering technology.In the lightning location technology research,lightning location system independent developing and the lightning detection network construction,it started early,and had good durative in China.Also the detection area covered is great,and the detection data had accumulated for many years.The power system in our country takes the lead in the lightning detection research,and constitutes the national lightning detection network covered mostly area.The development overview and the current situation of national lightning location system and detection network of power system is introduced in this paper.And the lightning detection technology,detection level,and the detection network are introduced in details.The lightning location system has played an important role in the power system,including the fast lightning failure location,lightning accident discrimination,lightning parameters statistics,lightning-withstanding level evaluation and the lightning warning technology.Also the development of the lightning location system and lightning detection network in future is proposed in this paper.

Fang Yu-he

Papers

Lightning Location System and Lightning Detection Network of China Power Grid