SIR analysis for non-uniform HetNets with joint decoupled association and interference management

Abstract With the purpose of providing higher data rate and ultra-reliable and low-latency communications for the users, employing the small cells in the upcoming Fifth-Generation-New Radio (5G-NR) cellular networks and beyond is leading to the serious challenges in mobility management due to dynamicity of the user equipments (UEs). Among different issues related to the mobility of the UEs, the handover management is one of the key procedures to let the UEs experience a high quality of service (QoS)/quality of experience (QoE). So far, many protocols and algorithms have been proposed to enhance the mobility management in 5G-NR from various aspects, but still a thorough survey has not been incorporated to summarize the recent advances and future directions of the mentioned issue. Thus, the handover management and the corresponding challenges stand in the center of concentrations in this paper, with a glance on 4G to the advancements of 5G-NR. The challenges include QoS/QoE, throughput, delay, traffic load, the attacks during authentication process and resource allocation. To overcome the mentioned challenges, the handover procedure is evaluated by some key performance indicators such as handover ratio, handover failure, radio link failure and such like which depend on the received signal quality. The lack of new advancements and novel aspects of handover plus the separation of security and handover issues in previous works are perceived as research gaps and motivations for the current paper. In this regard, this paper aims to specify and analyze the technical issues, to provide an overview on the proposed methods and recent advances and to bring the future directions into the limelight. We categorize the concurrent standards and methods about the handover, and then, we survey the proposed algorithms including theoretical, algorithm-based and pattern-capturing approaches following the authentication process along with the vulnerabilities and the algorithms to counteract the attacks during handover. Also, we study various issues corresponding to network performance during the handover procedure. Finally, we discuss the open problems and future research directions. 

https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-023-02261-4

A survey on the handover management in 5G-NR cellular networks: aspects, approaches and challenges

The forthcoming 5G cellular networks is expected to overlay mmWave transmission with the incumbent microwave (μWave) architecture. The mmWave links are sensitive to the blockage caused by obstacles, which affects both signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) and handover performance for mobile users. In this paper, we analyze the mobility performance in the mmWave-μWave heterogeneous network mm-μ-HetNet). We begin by obtaining the handover rate for a mobile user in the mm-μ-HetNet with the locations of mmWave base stations (BSs) and μWave BSs modeled as two independent Poisson point processes (PPP). The received SINR distribution along with a chosen SINR threshold is then used to obtain the coverage probability. To capture the performance loss caused by user mobility, we derive the handover cost with the transmission delay induced by handover. Finally, we formulate an optimization problem to achieve the minimum handover cost subject to a certain coverage requirement. Numerical results show that it is better to preferentially deploy mmWave BSs when mmWave link blockage is severe and it is necessary to jointly deploy mmWave and μWave BSs when the mmWave link blockage is slight.

Fangchao Du

Papers

The Analysis of Mobility Performance in MmWave-μWave Heterogeneous Networks