http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5610941/5624686/05624745.pdf

Power electronics

Maximum power point tracking using Hill Climbing and ANFIS techniques for PV applications: A review and a novel hybrid approach

Partial shading of PV systems generates many peaks in the P–V curve. These peaks have one global peak (GP), the remaining being local peaks (LPs). Metaheuristic techniques such as PSO have proven superiority in capturing the GP and avoiding entrapment in an LP in comparison to conventional techniques. In case of partial shading conditions (PSC), the GP may change its position and value in the P–V curve and the PSO is unable to capture the GP unless they reinitialize. Reinitialization of PSO particles spends a long time for convergence; and it may cause premature convergence. This paper proposes a novel strategy for scanning the new position of the GP in case of PSC changes without a need for reinitialization. The proposed strategy sends a particle to the anticipated places of peaks to search for any peak with power greater than the current GP and when it locates this new GP it will move the PSO particles directly to the new GP. This strategy reduced the reinitialization time by 650% as compared to the time required for the random reinitialization of the conventional PSO technique. Moreover; this proposed strategy completely avoids the premature convergence associated with conventional PSO techniques.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/3/1185/pdf

Performance Improvement of PV Systems’ Maximum Power Point Tracker Based on a Scanning PSO Particle Strategy

Small electric motors are crucial to the manufacture of industrial robots, numerically controlled machines, and computer peripherals such as disk drives and printers. In this handbook, Dr. Kenjo considers two of the most important small motors, permanent-magnet and brushless DC motors, explaining how to select the most suitable motor for the the intended application and how to design the drive circuitry. The book provides clear descriptions of the basic machine structure, the constructional relationships between conventional and brushless DC machines, and the drive and control circuitry. Generously illustrated and easy-to-follow.

Permanent-magnet and brushless DC motors

Significant growth in solar photovoltaic (PV) installation has been observed during the last decade in standalone and grid-connected power generation systems. However, the PV system has a non-linear output characteristic because of weather intermittency, which tends to a substantial loss in overall system output. Thus, to optimize the output of the PV system, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used to track the global maximum power point (GMPP) and extract the maximum power from the PV system under different weather conditions with better precision. Since MPPT is an essential part of the PV system, to date, many MPPT methods have been developed by various researchers, each with unique features. A Google Scholar survey of the last five years (2015–2020) was performed to investigate the number of review articles published. It was found that overall, seventy-one review articles were published on different MPPT techniques; out of those, only four were on non-uniform solar irradiance, and seven review articles included shading conditions. Unfortunately, very few attempts were made in this regard. Therefore, a comprehensive review paper on this topic is needed, in which almost all the well-known MPPT techniques should be encapsulated in one document. This article focuses on online and soft-computing MPPT algorithm classifications under non-uniform irradiance conditions along with their mathematical expression, operating principles, and block diagram/flow charts. It will provide a direction for future research and development in the field of maximum power point tracking optimization.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3256/pdf

Review of Online and Soft Computing Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Conditions

Brushless DC Motor is a three phase permanent magnet motor that requires DC voltage as its supply. This kind of motor is widely used in electric vehicles due to high efficiency and high torque. Unfortunately, speed control method of brushless DC motor is still quite difficult if applied to electric vehicle. Electric vehicle that uses brushless DC motor works on dynamic load system with the varied set point. The use of conventional PID controller can't be applied to dynamic load system. If this controller still be applied, the system response to steady state will be long enough and cause the motor has a bad performance. The use of PID-Fuzzy is the solution to solve this problem. Simple PID algorithm and fuzzy logic in case of PID parameter tuning are expected to maintain the steady state condition of brushless DC motor speed at varied set point and dynamic load condition. So, the brushless DC motor performance will be improved.

Design of PID-fuzzy for speed control of brushless DC motor in dynamic electric vehicle to improve steady-state performance

Solar energy source can be utilized into electric energy using Photovoltaic (PV) panel. Maximum power in PV can be obtained in sunny weather conditions, optimum temperature, and unshaded surface. When PV is blocked by an object, the resulting power will decrease depending on the size of the barrier. Barriers of the sun intensity are shadows of trees, buildings, peoples, and others. These conditions cause PV can't absorb the maximum intensity of sunlight. Unfortunately, an obstructed PV surface condition may affect the resulting characteristic curves. These conditions can produce different characteristic curves. The difference is the position of the maximum power point that should be only one that is GMPP (Global Maximum Power Point) but this is divided into two there are GMPP and LMPP (Local Maximum Power Point). These conditions make a simple MPPT trapped in LMPP or an unreal maximum power point. To solve this problem, in this paper proposed MPPT Partial Shading using Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) method. The MPSO method is chosen to solve partial shading conditions so the MPPT can reach GMPP without being trapped in LMPP. The MPSO method is applied to the Sepic converter to generate maximum power. According to simulation result, the MPSO method has a good accuracy greater than 95% and a fast time convergence is about 0.5 until 1 second to obtain a MPP depend on the shading pattern.

Modeling and simulation of MPPT sepie converter using modified PSO to overcome partial shading impact on DC microgrid system

Photovoltaic system (PV) is widely used in various renewable energy application. The main problem of PV system is how to get the maximum output power. Furthermore, the redundancy output power generated by on a distribution system should also be considered. This study utilizes the excess power for energy storage using bidirectional converter. Since the DC voltage which generated by PV and the energy storage will be converted into AC voltage using inverter toward load. This paper proposes ANFIS as search optimization method using SEPIC converter with a maximum efficiency of 99.95%.

Modeling and simulation of MPPT-bidirectional using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in distributed energy generation system

Photovoltaic system (PV) is widely used in various renewable energy application. The main problem of PV system is how to get the maximum output power which is integrated in microgrid system. Furthermore, the redundancy output power generated by on a distribution system should also be considered. This study utilizes the excess power for energy storage using bidirectional of KY inverse converter. Since the DC voltage which generated by PV and the energy storage will be converted into AC voltage using inverter toward load. This paper proposes ANFIS as search optimization method using SEPIC converter with a maximum efficiency of 99.95% to impact to power generation performance  in microgrid system.

/pdf/modeling-and-simulation-of-mppt-sepic-combined-bidirectional-3dua2zhkow.pdf

Modeling and Simulation of MPPT-SEPIC Combined Bidirectional Control Inverse KY Converter Using ANFIS in Microgrid System

Solar energy can be utilized through photovoltaic (PV) into electrical energy. The output power of PV can reach maximum point when the irradiation of the sun is exposed to the surface without any object being obstructed. Unfortunately, In the actual implementation of irradiation received by PV it is often blocked by a moving object or a shadow of a non-moving object. This problem resulted in the emergence of more than one maximum power point on the P-V characteristic curve. The condition can't be solved by using the usual MPPT Algorithm so that MPPT Partial shading algorithm is required. Partial shading algorithm has been developed from conventional methods to artificial intelligence methods. Hence, in this paper proposed comparison method of MPSO, FPA, and GWO in MPPT SEPIC converter under dynamic partial shading condition. The level of accuracy of all three methods is validated through simulation. The simulation results show that the three methods are able to overcome the problem of partial shading very well with a high level of accuracy. The simulation results also show that the FPA method has advantages compared to other proposed methods. The simulation results also show that the MPSO method has more advantages compared to other proposed methods in tracking accuracy and the FPA method is faster to reach convergence situation by other proposed method.

Farid Dwi Murdianto

Papers

Design of PID-fuzzy for speed control of brushless DC motor in dynamic electric vehicle to improve steady-state performance

Modeling and simulation of MPPT sepie converter using modified PSO to overcome partial shading impact on DC microgrid system

Modeling and simulation of MPPT-bidirectional using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in distributed energy generation system

Modeling and Simulation of MPPT-SEPIC Combined Bidirectional Control Inverse KY Converter Using ANFIS in Microgrid System

Comparison method of MPSO, FPA, and GWO algorithm in MPPT SEPIC converter under dynamic partial shading condition