http://cardiacanaesthesia.in/assets/img/guidelines/Perioperative-Blood-Transfusion-and-Blood-Conservation-in-Cardiac-Surgery.pdf

Perioperative blood transfusion and blood conservation in cardiac surgery: the Society of Thoracic Surgeons and The Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists clinical practice guideline.

Objective: To map the state of the existing literature evaluating the use of social media in patient and caregiver populations. Design: Scoping review. Data sources: Medline, CENTRAL, ERIC, PubMed, CINAHL Plus Full Text, Academic Search Complete, Alt Health Watch, Health Source, Communication and Mass Media Complete, Web of Knowledge and ProQuest (2000–2012). Study selection: Studies reporting primary research on the use of social media (collaborative projects, blogs/microblogs, content communities, social networking sites, virtual worlds) by patients or caregivers. Data extraction: Two reviewers screened studies for eligibility; one reviewer extracted data from relevant studies and a second performed verification for accuracy and completeness on a 10% sample. Data were analysed to describe which social media tools are being used, by whom, for what purpose and how they are being evaluated. Results: Two hundred eighty-four studies were included. Discussion forums were highly prevalent and constitute 66.6% of the sample. Social networking sites (14.8%) and blogs/microblogs (14.1%) were the next most commonly used tools. The intended purpose of the tool was to facilitate self-care in 77.1% of studies. While there were clusters of studies that focused on similar conditions (eg, lifestyle/weight loss (12.7%), cancer (11.3%)), there were no patterns in the objectives or tools used. A large proportion of the studies were descriptive (42.3%); however, there were also 48 (16.9%) randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Among the RCTs, 35.4% reported statistically significant results favouring the social media intervention being evaluated; however, 72.9% presented positive conclusions regarding the use of social media. Conclusions: There is an extensive body of literature examining the use of social media in patient and caregiver populations. Much of this work is descriptive; however, with such widespread use, evaluations of effectiveness are required. In studies that have examined effectiveness, positive conclusions are often reported, despite non-significant findings.

https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/3/5/e002819.full.pdf

Social media use among patients and caregivers: a scoping review

Social media enables the public sharing of information. With the recent emphasis on transparency and the open sharing of information between doctors and patients, the intersection of social media and healthcare is of particular interest. Twitter is currently the most popular form of social media used for healthcare communication; here, we examine the use of Twitter in medicine and specifically explore in what capacity using Twitter to share information on treatments and research has the potential to improve care. The sharing of information on Twitter can create a communicative and collaborative atmosphere for patients, physicians, and researchers and even improve quality of care. However, risks involved with using Twitter for healthcare discourse include high rates of misinformation, difficulties in verifying the credibility of sources, overwhelmingly high volumes of information available on Twitter, concerns about professionalism, and the opportunity cost of using physician time. Ultimately, the use of Twitter in healthcare can allow patients, healthcare professionals, and researchers to be more informed, but specific guidelines for appropriate use are necessary.

/pdf/social-medicine-twitter-in-healthcare-1gx1pavuzj.pdf

Social Medicine: Twitter in Healthcare.

s for presentation to scientific meetings and manuscripts of DASH results should be sent directly to members of the PASC for approval prior to submission. Abstracts must be in the hands of Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee members at least 5 working days prior to submission. Members of the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee must respond within 4 working days. Three copies of each manuscript should be sent to the NHLBI Project Officer and one copy to each member of the PASC. The members of the PASC must respond in writing to the PASC chair within 30 working days unless they are unavailable and have so notified the Chair. A cover sheet will accompany each abstract and manuscript (Manuscript and Abstract Review Form, Form #57 in DASH Forms Manual) and should be returned to the Chair of the PASC, who will relay comments to the chairperson of the writing group. Nonresponse by a Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee member will be assumed to be an approval. Hard copies of data slides and handouts to be presented to national meetings should be circulated to the PASC for distribution to other DASH investigators. The Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee may, by majority vote, withdraw any abstract or manuscript after it has been submitted and before it is published. It is the responsibility of the senior (first) author of any manuscript, abstract, or presentation to notify the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee of the acceptance of this paper, abstract, or presentation and the citation of an abstract or publication and to send a preprint along with the citation of any accepted manuscript to the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee and to the Coordinating Center. Authorship This section applies to the main studies and papers, but not ancillary studies carried out at only one or two sites. Authors who participate in the writing of a manuscript from the DASH project do so in accordance with the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidelines (N Engl J Med 1991;324:424-8)(see attached). First authors are expected to delete names from the final list of authors if those individuals have not participated in the writing and/or analysis of the paper in accordance with those guidelines. All papers, excluding ancillary studies, should include the word "DASH" or "Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Research Group" in the authorship line. All papers should also include an "Acknowledgments" section that lists the DASH investigators and key staff at the Clinical and Coordinating Centers unless journal policy prohibits publication of such a list. In general, at least one investigator from the Coordinating Center should be included as an author on papers using study-wide DASH data. DASH Manual of Procedures Version 4.2 06-Dec-1996 Page 2-9 First authors will usually be DASH investigators. Fellows and other scientists may serve as first authors if: 1. the opportunity of first authorship on a project has been offered to all DASH investigators and none requested to serve as first author, 2. at least one other DASH investigator serves as a co-author and "sponsor" of the project, and 3. the fellow or scientist has played a major role in the data analysis and writing for the paper. First authorship will be decided by the writing group that is convened by the individual who first submitted an Analysis Proposal Form. The first author will generally serve as chair of the writing group. Conflicts about first authorship should be resolved, if at all possible, by members of the writing group. In case the writing group is unable to resolve a conflict, the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee will adjudicate and may assign first authorship. Disputes about first authorship, if not settled by the writing group, will be referred to the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee and thence to the Steering Committee. If progress on a given writing project is unduly slow, the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee may request an explanation from the chair of the writing group. If timely progress is not likely to occur in the near future, the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee may, at its discretion, assign a new Chair to the writing group. Such an assignment may be appealed to the Steering Committee. The order of co-authorship on a paper should be determined by the first author. In general, authors will appear in order of contribution to the writing and analysis of the paper. When contributions to writing and analysis have been similar, priority should be given to: 1. DASH investigators from Clinical Centers, 2. more junior authors, and 3. those who have contributed to a greater degree to management and data collection for the study, and to DASH investigators who have had fewer opportunities to author DASH papers. If conflicts regarding the order of authorship cannot be resolved by the writing group, the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee will adjudicate and may assign order. Ancillary Studies All studies of subjects enrolled in the DASH project that are not part of the main protocol must be approved by the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee prior to enrolling subjects. In order to obtain approval, complete and submit the Ancillary Study Request DASH Manual of Procedures Version 4.2 06-Dec-1996 Page 2-10 Form (Form #59-see DASH Forms Manual) to the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee. If a proposal is subsequently submitted to your IRB, you must send a copy of the final approved proposal to the PASC. The Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee will review the proposal within 2 weeks and, if necessary, make suggestions for modification in order to assure that inclusion of subjects from the DASH study for ancillary protocols will not impede the basic data collection essential for the primary end points. The Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee may refuse to approve ancillary projects that appear to interfere with conduct of the main trial. For papers resulting from ancillary studies, the following language should be inserted in the Methods section of the paper. "This was a study ancillary to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) study, and as such was designed, conducted, and analyzed only by the co-authors." All ancillary studies must be approved by the Steering Committee. A copy of all accepted manuscripts of the ancillary study (and published papers when available) should be sent to the Coordinating Center. Availability And Analysis Of Data Prioritization Requests for DASH data and their analyses will be submitted to the Coordinating Center after approval by the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee. The Coordinating Center will notify the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee if resource limitations do not permit a timely completion of an analysis request, and the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee will assign priority rankings to projects so that the highest priority projects are completed first. Data Tapes It is the intention of the Coordinating Center to supply clean data tapes to the clinical centers and to the Project Office at the end of the trial so that additional analyses can proceed after the termination of the Coordinating Center's grant award. So long as the Publications and Ancillary Studies Committee remains active, it must continue to approve all analysis proposals and review all manuscripts and abstracts, even if the analyses are done locally. Use of DASH Computing Equipment Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research (CHR), as DASH Coordinating Center, is supplying the following equipment for use by DASH Study intervention sites: DASH Manual of Procedures Version 4.2 06-Dec-1996 Page 2-11 • 1 DELL 466LV Desktop Server system • 3 Compaq LTE Lite 4/25E Laptop systems (4 at Baltimore) • 1 Hewlett Packard DeskJet 500 printer • 1 Compaq Desktop Expansion Base • All Required peripherals, batteries, cables, and connectors CHR retains rights of ownership for this equipment and all installed software. The equipment and software are provided for the sole purpose of conducting DASH activities as specified in the DASH Manual of Procedures (MOP). These activities include, but are not limited to, study communications, data entry, data transfer, report swapping, data edits, and data repairs. This equipment will be returned to the CHR upon demand. Additional uses or modifications of the equipment, software, and/or configuration, are not authorized, except as approved by the Coordinating Center Project Administrator, and are considered a violation of study procedures. Non-authorized use or modification include but are not limited to: personal use of equipment or software, making and/or distributing unlicensed copies of DASH study software, installing additional softwares, making configuration changes to equipment or existing software, or connection to nonstudy networks. Any request for exceptions to this policy must be authorized by the DASH Coordinating Center Project Administrator prior to action. Access to Stored Laboratory Specimens Dash will store a variety of frozen blood and urine samples from DASH participants. Proposals to use these samples should be submitted to the DASH Steering Committee in writing. These proposals should include the type of study/test proposed, the amount of each sample required to conduct it, the rationale for the test, the study questions and hypotheses to be addressed, the plans for publication of the data, the approximate cost of the proposed test(s), and the source of funds to conduct them. Study investigators not involved in the initial proposal may request to be included in the work group conducting the additional studies. The discussion of whether to permit use of the store samples should include attention to possible alternative uses of limited materials. That is, the Steering Committee will attempt to plan for optimal uses of the stored s

Manual of operations

Review, promotion, and tenure (RPT) processes significantly affect how faculty direct their own career and scholarly progression. Although RPT practices vary between and within institutions, and affect various disciplines, ranks, institution types, genders, and ethnicity in different ways, some consistent themes emerge when investigating what faculty would like to change about RPT. For instance, over the last few decades, RPT processes have generally increased the value placed on research, at the expense of teaching and service, which often results in an incongruity between how faculty actually spend their time vs. what is considered in their evaluation. Another issue relates to publication practices: most agree RPT requirements should encourage peer-reviewed works of high quality, but in practice, the value of publications is often assessed using shortcuts such as the prestige of the publication venue, rather than on the quality and rigor of peer review of each individual item. Open access and online publishing have made these issues even murkier due to misconceptions about peer review practices and concerns about predatory online publishers, which leaves traditional publishing formats the most desired despite their restricted circulation. And, efforts to replace journal-level measures such as the impact factor with more precise article-level metrics (e.g., citation counts and altmetrics) have been slow to integrate with the RPT process. Questions remain as to whether, or how, RPT practices should be changed to better reflect faculty work patterns and reduce pressure to publish in only the most prestigious traditional formats. To determine the most useful way to change RPT, we need to assess further the needs and perceptions of faculty and administrators, and gain a better understanding of the level of influence of written RPT guidelines and policy in an often vague process that is meant to allow for flexibility in assessing individuals.

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The evaluation of scholarship in academic promotion and tenure processes: Past, present, and future

O ne of the foundations of modern medicine is academic output, which is part of the mission to advance biomedical science. This is accomplished through 3 different tracks: clinical practice, research, and education. Career advancement and tenure are structured around scholarly work in these 3 domains. Some have noted that research activities are considered the most influential for promotion, and the merits and drawbacks of research-focused versus education-focused career tracks have been discussed in the literature.

/pdf/more-than-likes-and-tweets-creating-social-media-portfolios-17dufifpit.pdf

More Than Likes and Tweets: Creating Social Media Portfolios for Academic Promotion and Tenure.

Social media includes many different forms of technology including online forums, blogs, microblogs (i.e. Twitter), wikipedias, video blogs, social networks and podcasting. The use of social media has grown exponentially and time spent on social media sites now represents one in five minutes spent online. Concomitant with this online growth, there has been an inverse trajectory in direct face-to-face patient-provider moments, which continue to become scarcer across the spectrum of health care. In contrast to standard forms of engagement and education, social media has advantages to include profound reach, immediate availability, an archived presence and broad accessibility. Our opportunity as health care providers to partner with our patients has never been greater, yet all too often we allow risk averse fears to limit our ability to truly leverage our good content effectively to the online community. This risk averse behavior truly limits our capacity to effectively engage our patients where they are -- online.

/pdf/medicine-morality-and-health-care-social-media-vxzpm5ekyk.pdf

Medicine, morality and health care social media

Objectives: (1) To assess the efficacy of a 20 minute massage therapy session on pain, anxiety, and tension in patients before an invasive cardiovascular procedure. (2) To assess overall patient satisfaction with the massage therapy. (3) To evaluate the feasibility of integrating massage therapy into preprocedural practices. Experimental pretest-posttest design using random assignment. Medical cardiology progressive care units at a Midwestern Academic Medical Center. Patients (N=130) undergoing invasive cardiovascular procedures. The intervention group received 20 minutes of hands on massage at least 30 minutes before an invasive cardiovascular procedure. Control group patients received standard preprocedural care. Visual analogue scales were used to collect verbal numeric responses measuring pain, anxiety, and tension pre- and postprocedure. The differences between pre- and postprocedure scores were compared between the massage and standard therapy groups using the Mann–Whitney Wilcoxon's test. Scores for pain, anxiety, and tension scores were identified along with an increase in satisfaction for patients who received a 20-minute massage before procedure compared with those receiving standard care. This pilot study showed that massage can be incorporated into medical cardiovascular units' preprocedural practice and adds validity to prior massage studies.

Massage Therapy Reduces Tension, Anxiety, and Pain in Patients Awaiting Invasive Cardiovascular Procedures

Although health care lags behind many other industries in adopting social media as part of a business strategy, the Mayo Clinic recognized the importance of these applications more than a decade ago. In addition to typical media relations and marketing tactics, the Mayo Clinic has successfully used social media as part of an overall program to support the strategic imperatives of the institution.

The Strategic Imperative for the Use of Social Media in Health Care.

PURPOSE To study the effect of a planned social media promotion strategy on access of online articles in an established academic medical journal. METHOD This was a single-masked, randomized controlled trial using articles published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings, a large-circulation general/internal medicine journal. Articles published during the months of October, November, and December 2015 (n = 68) were randomized to social media promotion (SoMe) using Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn or to no social media promotion (NoSoMe), for 30 days (beginning with the date of online article publication). Journal website visits and full-text article downloads were compared for 0-30 and 31-60 days following online publication between SoMe versus NoSoMe using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. RESULTS Website access of articles from 0 to 30 days was significantly higher in the SoMe group (n = 34) compared with the NoSoMe group (n = 34): 1,070 median downloads versus 265, P < .001. Similarly, full-text article downloads from 0-30 days were significantly higher in the SoMe group: 1,042 median downloads versus 142, P < .001. Compared with the NoSoMe articles, articles randomized to SoMe received a greater number of website visits via Twitter (90 vs 1), Facebook (526 vs 2.5), and LinkedIn (31.5 vs 0)-all P < .001. CONCLUSIONS Articles randomized to SoMe were more widely accessed compared with those without social media promotion. These findings show a possible role, benefit, and need for further study of a carefully planned social media promotion strategy in an academic medical journal.

Farris K. Timimi

Papers

More Than Likes and Tweets: Creating Social Media Portfolios for Academic Promotion and Tenure.

Medicine, morality and health care social media

Massage Therapy Reduces Tension, Anxiety, and Pain in Patients Awaiting Invasive Cardiovascular Procedures

The Strategic Imperative for the Use of Social Media in Health Care.

Effect of Promotion via Social Media on Access of Articles in an Academic Medical Journal: A Randomized Controlled Trial