ك تسا نرق كي زا شيب هرادا رد تلود يدج روضح زا ه  هب يعيبط عبانم يم عتارم هژيو اومه هك درذگ ديكأت هر ب و ظفح ر هصرع نيا يايحا عتارم تيريدم زا نخس نايهاگشناد و ناسانشراك نارود نيا زا سپ لاح .تسا هتشاد اه ا هب ناري  يم نايم م لماوع هك تسا نآ زا يكاح هدش ماجنا تاعلاطم رب يرورم .دنروآ هبناجدنچ و ددعت كشم شياديپ رد ييا ارم تلا اد شقن عت .دنر تيولوا فده قيقحت نيا رد هعماج .تسا يمتسيس و يرگن عماج دركيور اب روشك عتارم هدمع تلاكشم يدنب ي پ ،وگخسا  طيحم و نانابقرق نشسرپ و هبحاصم ،تاعلاطا يروآ عمج يارب هدافتسا دروم رازبا و يعيبط عبانم ناناب تسا هما .  دادعت 27  ظفاح هب يعيبط عبانم برجم هعماج ناونع هنومن شور اب يرامآ ي اختنا يياهرايعم هب هجوت اب دنمفده يرادرب ب .دندش  ليلحت حارط اب سپس .تسا هدش ماجنا اوتحم ليلحت دركيور اب يدركلمع و يراتخاس ظاحل زا عتارم هدمع تلاكشم شسرپ ي ،همان يط سايقم زا اهريغتم يهدزايتما رابتعا يسررب زا دعب .دش هدافتسا تركيل يف  لباق) يياياپ و (يياور) تي  همانشسرپ ،(دامتعا  اب سوق يقيبطت زيلانآ زا هدافتسا ) هدش يريگ DCA رازفا مرن رد ( 5 ORD PC  مهم ،يگتسبمه صخاش و يفرعم تلاكشم نيرت مهم داد ناشن جياتن .دندش يبط عبانم ناظفاح رظن زا عتارم تلاكشم نيرت ف لئاسم ،تيولوا بيترت هب يع ،يگنهر  ،يداصتقا .دنتسه يقوقح و يعامتجا

Analyzing Iranian rangeland problems, a natural resources conservationists perspective

Developing countries must consider the influence of anthropogenic dynamics on changes in rangeland habitats. This study explores happened degradation in 178 rangeland management plans for Northeast Iran in three main steps: (1) conducting a trend analysis of rangeland degradation and anthropogenic dynamics in 1986–2000 and 2000–2015, (2) visualizing the effects of anthropogenic drivers on rangeland degradation using bivariate local spatial autocorrelation (BiLISA), and (3) quantifying spatial dependence between anthropogenic driving forces and rangeland degradation using spatial regression approaches. The results show that 0.77% and 0.56% of rangelands are degraded annually during the first and second periods. The BiLISA results indicate that dry-farming, irrigated farming and construction areas were significant drivers in both periods and grazing intensity was a significant driver in the second period. The spatial lag (SL) model (wi=0.3943, Ei=1.4139) with two drivers of dry-farming and irrigated farming in the first period and the spatial error (SE) model (wi=0.4853, Ei=1.515) with livestock density, dry-farming and irrigated farming in the second period showed robust performance in quantifying the driving forces of rangeland degradation. To conclude, the BiLISA maps and spatial models indicate a serious intensification of the anthropogenic impacts of ongoing conditions on the rangelands of northeast Iran in the future.

Visualization and quantification of significant anthropogenic drivers influencing rangeland degradation trends using Landsat imagery and GIS spatial dependence models: A case study in Northeast Iran

Survey and monitoring rangelands projects is one the important plans in rangelands management. For this purpose, the survey and monitoring methods could be time-consuming and costly. Sampling strategies of plant patches are effective in sampling procedures that cause minimizing sampling variance and time. In this study, for decreasing sampling time and cost, increasing speed, plant patches parameters (including length, width, height, area, and distance between the patches) were compared. Three transects with 50 m length at three aspect slopes were located randomly systematic at the selected site with different grazing intensities. Soil samples for nitrate (NO3−), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium (NH4+), phosphorus (P), sodium absorption ration (SAR), soil acidity or soil reaction (pH), sodium (Na), electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon (OC), and potassium (K) content were taken in these transects. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the average of the measured paramete...

Fayaz Mohammad

Papers

Estimate of iran-turanian zone rangelands degradation rate by measuring and suggestion index