The distribution and enrichment characteristics of heavy metal elements(As,Se,Be,Pb,Cd and Co)in PM10,which was discharged from Xiaolongtan,Yangzonghai and Guiyang coal power plants in Southwest China,were studied.Compared with the fly ash with particle size 10 μm,the PM10 enriches in heavy metal elements.Under the interaction of the particle size and the difference of chemical composition,the content and enrichment coefficient of As,Se,Cd and Pb which have undergone the volatilization-condensation process are prone to increase generally along with the particle size of PM10 decreased,but have some partial low abnormal values.Moreover,the elements which have not undergone the volatilization-condensation process(Be and Co from Xiaolongtan and Guiyang power plants)show the characteristics of homogeneous distribution and normal enrichment in PM10 of different particle sizes.The volatilization-condensation characteristics of heavy metal elements in the combustion process change the environment transfer ability of heavy metal elements in coal combustion disposals.After the process of volatilization-condensation,the heavy metal elements are more prone to accumulate and form the nanometer-sized overlay on fly ash,which is more water-soluble and acid-soluble,consequently have more powerful destructive ability towards environment than those elements which have not undergone that process.

Distribution and enrichment of heavy metal elements in inhalable particalate(PM_(10))caused by coal combustion

Research evaluating levels of toxic metals along with the busy pollution prone, due to exhaust smoke & sand dust on roads is timely gesture. Five (5) sampling sites were strategic along Motorway (M-3) and National Highway (N-5) in Pakistan. The sites were respectively designed as; M-3a, M-3b, M-3c, M-3d, M-3e and N-5a, N-5b, N-5c, N-5d and N-5e. In each case dust was accumulated 24hours within two consecutive months, in petri plates encrusted with polystyrene foam kept 15 m away from roads as reference control and its corresponding road sites dust deposit near roads as test. The lead (Pb2+) and cadmium (Cd2+) contents were estimated using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).  The results showed high Pb2+ concentration along M-3 and N-5 road sides sand dust deposit compared to controls. High Cd2+ contents were also recorded in road sides deposit at M-3e and M-3d compared to controls at 15m away from the roads. Although high levels of these toxic metals were detected in the road sides sand deposit compared to controls. The controls may be considered to also harbor reasonable concentration of the metals. The correlation co-efficient between the metal contents & traffic density proved that Pb2+ & Cd2+ were constantly toting up from vehicular (exhaust dust). The finding may therefore indicates that settlers along these roads are at high risk of toxicity of these metals.

https://journalskuwait.org/kjs/index.php/KJS/article/download/1561/185

Correlation analysis of toxic metals on motorway and national highway

Ambient air samples about PM10 were collected in nine districts and Jinyun mountain in Chongqing in 2006.Main Source samples about PM10 concluded soil dust,construction cement dust,coal burning dust,iron dust,vehicle exhaust dust and road dust.Inorganic elements,OC,EC and water-soluble ions of all samples were determined.The Chemical Mass Balance(CMB)model was applied in this study by using representative profiles to apportion source contributions to PM10 in main districts of Chongqing.The results showed that the major source in sequence were construction cement dust,road dust,coal burning dust,vehicle exhaust dust,other dust and iron dust.The results also showed the distinct spatial variations of source contributions were perceptible.

Research on PM_(10) Source Apportionment in Main Districts of Chongqing

The phase components,contents of major elements and microelements,surface character-istic and size of atmospheric aerosols in the Chengdu industrial park were investigated by using inductively coupled plasma atom emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray energy-dispersion spectroscopy(EDX)The research result shows that atmospheric aerosols in the Chengdu industrial park are mainly fine and contain a high content of poisonous and harmful chemical elements,such as Ca,Cu,Zn,As,Pb,Cd and Hg,and main phase components are gypsum,α-quartz,feldspar,kaolinite and non-crystalloid SiO_2The particulate materials in the industrial park originate mainly from soot of burning coal and oil,metallurgical dusts,and road and soil dusts

Characteristics and Sources of Atmosphere Aerosols in Chengdu Industrial Park

Based on the east district of Chengdu, the characteristic of the density of total suspended panicles and heavy metals in it changed with the seasons was researched. Through the relevance analysis between the density of heavy metals in TSP and fly dust, the origin of heavy metal in TSP could be judged. The research indicated that the density of TSP and heavy metals in it changed with the seasons abviously, and the characteristic was similar; the density of TSP went beyond the standard greatly; the main origin of TSP and heavy metals in it could be approximately inferred from the respecting results.

Research on Characteristic of Particles in the Air of Chengdu

The heavy metal pollution made by industrial coal in city is receiving more and more attentions, but the time effect researches on fire coal capacity and heavy metal pollution after enterprise' relocation out of urban area are comparatively less. This paper studied the east Industrial zone, doing quantitative analysis on 5 types of heavy metal elements of coal samples, cinder, coal ash, topsoil, deep soil by x fluorescence analysis in 2004, 2006, 2009, discussing the time effect of urban air dust and soil heavy metal pollution during the process of reduced fire coal. The results show that: (1) urban industrial fire coal had spatial effect to heavy metal pollution, with a usual order such as floating dust > top soil> deep soil. (2) The reduction of fire coal would decline the contents of heavy metal in floating dust soon, but the soil especially the deep soil was still polluted by fire coal during a lasting time. (3) The shutting down of thermal power plant would make a positive effect on the recovery of air quality, however demolishing would cause more serious pollution without a series of environmental protection measures in the short period of time.

Notice of Retraction The Time Effect Research on Heavy Metal Elements Pollution of Urban Industrial Fire Coal

The heavy metal pollution on atmospheric dust made by fire coal of city power plant is receiving more and more attentions, but spatial and temporal effect researches on fire coal amount and heavy metal pollution of atmospheric dust after enterprise' relocation out of urban area are comparatively less. This paper studied three thermal power plants in east city and Beihu Park on the outskirts, doing quantitative analysis on 5 types of heavy metal elements of atmospheric dust by x fluorescence analysis in 2004, 2006, 2009, and discussed spatial and temporal effect of atmospheric dust heavy metal pollution during the reduction of fire coal. The results indicated that: (1) Urban industrial fire coal had spatial effect on urban heavy metal pollution, the fire coal of thermal power plants would make more near-source pollution but less on the outskirts. Adjusting energy resource structure would make it positive for the immediate decrease of heavy metal in floating dust. (2) Urban industrial fire coal had temporal effect on atmospheric dust heavy metal pollution, no sooner than adopting fire coal Environmental Technology would reduce the contents of heavy metal in floating dust, and however, Zn often enriched in floating dust and made cumulative time effect. (3) The shutting down of thermal power plants could made a positive effect on the recovery of air quality, yet the demolition may cause more serious pollution so that a series of environmental protection measures should be considered to prevent re-polluting

Feng Cheng

Papers

Notice of Retraction The Time Effect Research on Heavy Metal Elements Pollution of Urban Industrial Fire Coal

Spatial and Temporal Effect on Heavy Metal Pollution of Atmospheric Dust in Fire Coal of City Power Plant