Globalisation of supply chains makes their management and control more difficult. Blockchain technology, as a distributed digital ledger technology which ensures transparency, traceability, and sec...

Blockchain technology and its relationships to sustainable supply chain management

A systematic literature review of blockchain-based applications: Current status, classification and open issues

The paradigm of Internet of Things (IoT) is paving the way for a world, where many of our daily objects will be interconnected and will interact with their environment in order to collect information and automate certain tasks. Such a vision requires, among other things, seamless authentication, data privacy, security, robustness against attacks, easy deployment, and self-maintenance. Such features can be brought by blockchain, a technology born with a cryptocurrency called Bitcoin. In this paper, a thorough review on how to adapt blockchain to the specific needs of IoT in order to develop Blockchain-based IoT (BIoT) applications is presented. After describing the basics of blockchain, the most relevant BIoT applications are described with the objective of emphasizing how blockchain can impact traditional cloud-centered IoT applications. Then, the current challenges and possible optimizations are detailed regarding many aspects that affect the design, development, and deployment of a BIoT application. Finally, some recommendations are enumerated with the aim of guiding future BIoT researchers and developers on some of the issues that will have to be tackled before deploying the next generation of BIoT applications.

A Review on the Use of Blockchain for the Internet of Things

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Blockchain in government: Benefits and implications of distributed ledger technology for information sharing

Internet of Things (IoT) is reshaping the incumbent industry to smart industry featured with data-driven decision-making. However, intrinsic features of IoT result in a number of challenges, such as decentralization, poor interoperability, privacy, and security vulnerabilities. Blockchain technology brings the opportunities in addressing the challenges of IoT. In this paper, we investigate the integration of blockchain technology with IoT. We name such synthesis of blockchain and IoT as blockchain of things (BCoT). This paper presents an in-depth survey of BCoT and discusses the insights of this new paradigm. In particular, we first briefly introduce IoT and discuss the challenges of IoT. Then, we give an overview of blockchain technology. We next concentrate on introducing the convergence of blockchain and IoT and presenting the proposal of BCoT architecture. We further discuss the issues about using blockchain for fifth generation beyond in IoT as well as industrial applications of BCoT. Finally, we outline the open research directions in this promising area.

Blockchain for Internet of Things: A Survey

For the past few years, food safety has become an outstanding problem in China. Since traditional agri-food logistics pattern can not match the demands of the market anymore, building an agri-food supply chain traceability system is becoming more and more urgent. In this paper, we study the utilization and development situation of RFID (Radio-Frequency IDentification) and blockchain technology first, and then we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using RFID and blockchain technology in building the agri-food supply chain traceability system; finally, we demonstrate the building process of this system. It can realize the traceability with trusted information in the entire agri-food supply chain, which would effectively guarantee the food safety, by gathering, transferring and sharing the authentic data of agri-food in production, processing, warehousing, distribution and selling links.

An agri-food supply chain traceability system for China based on RFID & blockchain technology

In recent times food safety has drawn upsurge of academic and commercial concerns. In supply chain area, with the rapid growth of internet technologies, a lot of emerging technologies have been applied in traceability systems. However, to date, nearly all of these systems are centralized which are monopolistic, asymmetric and opaque that could result in the trust problem, such as fraud, corruption, tampering and falsifying information. Besides, centralized system is vulnerable to collapse, since a single point of breakdown will lead the whole system to be crashed. Today, a new technology called the blockchain which is a ground-breaking innovation in decentralized information technology presents a whole new approach. However, since this technology is still in its early stages, it has some inherent defects, in which scalability become a primary and urgent one when we face the mass data in the real world. In this paper we will build a food supply chain traceability system for real-time food tracing based on HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points), blockchain and Internet of things, which could provide an information platform for all the supply chain members with openness, transparency, neutrality, reliability and security. Furthermore, we introduce a new concept BigchainDB to fill the gap in the decentralized systems at scale. The paper concludes with a description of a use case and the challenges to adopt blockchain technology in the future food supply chain traceability systems are discussed.

A supply chain traceability system for food safety based on HACCP, blockchain & Internet of things

In recent years, food safety accidents have frequently happened in China's dairy industry, which makes people have already lost their confidence in China's dairy market. Therefore, building a set of quality and safety control system to ensure the quality and safety of dairy products has become more and more urgent. As a systematic preventive method for food safety, HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) has been widely used in each link of the food supply chain. It could analyze and control safety hazards at every key point of the food supply chain. However, the information of these points in the different parts of the supply chain is isolated. In this paper, we propose a quality and safety control system of the dairy supply chain based on the combination of HACCP and GS1 (Global Standard 1). By using GS1, this system could connect all the HACCP points along the dairy supply chain, and implement information collecting, transferring, storing, checking, and sharing among the supply chain members, which could effectively improve the supply chain efficiency, and guarantee the quality and safety of dairy products.

A quality and safety control system for China's dairy supply chain based on HACCP & GS1

Food security concerns are drawing more and more attention in Chinese society. As one of the most effective way for improving food quality and safety, how to promote logistics ability of the Cold-Chain enterprise has become an emergency issue. This paper aims to build a performance evaluation system for the cold-chain company based on the Chinese agri-food industry to analyze its strengths and weaknesses for improving its competitiveness. Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation methods are blended to evaluate the performance of the target company in three steps. In the first step, rely on the AHP, with the literature review and the theory of the balanced score card method, the determination of evaluation criteria and the hierarchical structure of the evaluation index system are done. In the second step, the weights of each criterion are obtained through improved AHP and then an agri-food cold-chain logistics enterprises performance evaluation index system will be built. And, in the third step, the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method is used to evaluate the performance of the target company with the performance evaluation index system. Finally, a demonstration of the numerical example in Chinese agri-food industry is presented for better understanding. The proposed performance evaluation index system can assist managers to comprehensive comprehend the strengths and weaknesses of their agri-food cold-chain companies and could continuously improve the relevant cold-chain performance factors from the practice.

Evaluation research on performance of Chinese agri-food cold-chain logistics company

This paper gives an overview of the current status of research on Logistics Parks (LPs) and identifies promising research opportunities for the future. After defining the concept of a Logistics Park, we describe the web based search engines and keywords used to locate and review the relevant literature. The research articles located are then classified into six categories according to the main perspective of the work: development strategy, planning, operations management, evaluation, innovation, and synergies. On this basis we then can analyze the focus of the current literature and derive issues that future research on LPs should address.

Feng Tian

Papers

An agri-food supply chain traceability system for China based on RFID & blockchain technology

A supply chain traceability system for food safety based on HACCP, blockchain & Internet of things

A quality and safety control system for China's dairy supply chain based on HACCP & GS1

Evaluation research on performance of Chinese agri-food cold-chain logistics company

Research on Logistics Parks: Literature Review and Outlook