Building programmable resistive devices in contact holes at the crossover of a plurality of conductor lines in more than two vertical layers is disclosed. There are plurality of first conductor lines and another plurality of second conductor lines that can be substantially perpendicular to each other, though in two different vertical layers. A diode and/or a programmable resistive element can be fabricated in the contact hole between the first and second conductor lines. The programmable resistive element can be coupled to another programmable resistive device or shared between two programmable devices whose diodes conducting currents in opposite directions and/or coupled to a common conductor line. The programmable resistive memory can be configured to be programmable by applying voltages to conduct current flowing through the programmable resistive element to change its resistance for a different logic state.

Programmable Resistive Device and Memory Using Diode as Selector

An encoder ( 20 ) for encoding frequency transform coefficients (Y(k)) of a harmonic audio signal include the following elements: A peak locator ( 22 ) configured to locate spectral peaks having magnitudes exceeding a predetermined frequency dependent threshold. A peak region encoder ( 24 ) configured to encode peak regions including and surrounding the located peaks. A low-frequency set encoder ( 26 ) configured to encode at least one low-frequency set of coefficients outside the peak regions and below a crossover frequency that depends on the number of bits used to encode the peak regions. A noise-floor gain encoder ( 28 ) configured to encode a noise-floor gain of at least one high-frequency set of not yet encoded coefficients outside the peak regions.

Transform Encoding/Decoding of Harmonic Audio Signals

Provided are a voice audio encoding device, voice audio decoding device, voice audio encoding method, and voice audio decoding method that efficiently perform bit distribution and improve sound quality. Dominant frequency band identification unit identifies a dominant frequency band having a norm factor value that is the maximum value within the spectrum of an input voice audio signal. Dominant group determination units and non-dominant group determination unit group all sub-bands into a dominant group that contains the dominant frequency band and a non-dominant group that contains no dominant frequency band. Group bit distribution unit distributes bits to each group on the basis of the energy and norm variance of each group. Sub-band bit distribution unit redistributes the bits that have been distributed to each group to each sub-band in accordance with the ratio of the norm to the energy of the groups.

Voice audio encoding device, voice audio decoding device, voice audio encoding method, and voice audio decoding method

The purpose of the present invention is to more efficiently extend, using a low bit rate, the bandwidth of input signals having a harmonics structure, in order to obtain better audio quality. The present invention is installed in a device that extends bandwidth for audio signal encoding and decoding. This novel bandwidth extension encoding identifies a low-frequency spectrum component having the highest correlation to a high-frequency bandwidth signal among input signals, duplicates a high-frequency spectrum by energy adjustment of said component, and maintains the harmonic relationship between the low-frequency spectrum and the duplicated high-frequency spectrum by adjusting the spectral peak position of the duplicated high-frequency spectrum, on the basis of a harmonic frequency estimated from a composite low-frequency spectrum.

Device and method for bandwidth extension for acoustic signals

An encoding method and apparatus relate to the field of communications, and can perform proper allocation of quantization bits on spectral coefficients of an audio signal, so as to improve quality of signal from a decoder. The method comprises: dividing spectral coefficients of a current data frame into subbands, and then acquiring a quantization frequency domain envelop value of each subband; modifying quantization frequency domain envelop values of a first quantity of subbands among the subbands; allocating a quantization bit to each subband according to the modified quantization frequency domain envelop values of the first quantity of subbands; quantizing a spectral coefficient of a subband to which a quantization bit is allocated among the subbands; and writing, into a code stream, the quantized spectral coefficient of the subband to which the quantization bit is allocated.

Encoding method and apparatus

An audio signal encoding method is provided. The method includes: dividing a frequency band of an audio signal into a plurality of sub-bands, and quantifying a sub-band normalization factor of each sub-band; determining signal bandwidth of bit allocation according to the quantified sub-band normalization factor, or according to the quantified sub-band normalization factor and bit rate information; allocating bits for a sub-band within the determined signal bandwidth; and coding a spectrum coefficient of the audio signal according to the bits allocated for each sub-band. According to embodiments of the present invention, during coding and decoding, signal bandwidth of bit allocation is determined according to the quantified sub-band normalization factor and bit rate information. In this manner, the determined signal bandwidth is effectively coded and decoded by centralizing the bits, and audio quality is improved.

Audio signal coding and decoding method and device

Audio signal encoding-decoding method and device

In a signal coding method, bits for coding allocated to different bands of a frequency domain signal obtained from an input signal are adjusted to improve the coding quality. The total available bits for coding are first allocated to the bands of the frequency domain signal according to a predetermined allocation rule. The numbers of bits allocated to the respective bands of the frequency domain signal are then adjusted when a highest frequency of the frequency domain signal to which bits are allocated is greater than a predetermined value. The frequency domain signal is coded according to the adjusted bit allocation for the bands of the frequency domain signal.

Signal Coding and Decoding Methods and Devices

A method for predicting a bandwidth extension frequency band signal includes demultiplexing a received bitstream to obtain a frequency domain signal; determining whether a highest frequency bin, to which a bit is allocated, of the frequency domain signal is less than a preset start frequency bin of a bandwidth extension frequency band; predicting an excitation signal of the bandwidth extension frequency band according to the determination; and predicting the bandwidth extension frequency band signal according to the predicted excitation signal of the bandwidth extension frequency band and a frequency envelope of the bandwidth extension frequency band.

Method for Predicting Bandwidth Extension Frequency Band Signal, and Decoding Device

A method includes obtaining a signal type of an audio signal and a low frequency band signal of the audio signal, where the audio signal includes the low frequency band signal and a high frequency band signal; obtaining a frequency envelope of the high frequency band signal according to the signal type; predicting an excitation signal of the high frequency band signal according to the low frequency band signal; and restoring the high frequency band signal according to the frequency envelope of the high frequency band signal and the excitation signal of the high frequency band signal. By using the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, an error existing between a high frequency band signal obtained by prediction and an actual high frequency band signal can be effectively reduced, and an accuracy rate of the predicted high frequency band signal can be increased.

Fengyan Qi

Papers

Audio signal coding and decoding method and device

Audio signal encoding-decoding method and device

Signal Coding and Decoding Methods and Devices

Method for Predicting Bandwidth Extension Frequency Band Signal, and Decoding Device

Method for predicting high frequency band signal, encoding device, and decoding device