Sexual Behavior in the Human Male

Statistical Methods for Health Care Research

THE BETTER ANGELS OF OUR NATURE: WHY VIOLENCE HAS DECLINED. Steven Pinker, Penguin, New York, NY 2011. ISBN 978-0-670-02295-3.There's been a shooting in a Sikh Temple this morning. A lone gunman entered a Colorado theater and opened fire. Syrians are now engaged in civil war. Faced with daily news stories of death and destruction, it is easy to believe that things are getting worse. Not so, explains Harvard psychologist, Steven Pinker in his new work, The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence has Declined.Pinker combines in-depth historical research with rigorous psychological research to argue the case for a decline in global violence. As Pinker aptly points out, many people look at our age as one of unprecedented violence and terror to be viewed with pessimism. Drawing on historical analysis, psychological research and findings from related sciences such as anthropology, sociology, and economics Pinker argues that the data paint a very different picture. In the first chapter, Pinker takes the reader on a quick journey through the history of the world pointing out that the ancient and medieval worlds were very different than the world we live in today. Numerous prehistoric skeletons bear evidence of very violent deaths. Ancient people destroyed entire tribes. Romans carried out violent executions. Medieval Knights led lies of violence and other Europeans meted out horrendous punishments for acts which might not even be judged worthy of condemnation in today's democracies. Finally, the early 20th century saw two World Wars before the long peace ensued. In light of that history, Pinker argues that perhaps we should reconsider our assumptions about our own world.In the first section of the book, Pinker identifies six historical trends which could have led to declines in violence. The first trend he calls the Pacification Process by which people gave up nomadic hunting and gathering lives for lives of agriculture in cities. Competition and anarchy in the prehistoric world made violence necessary for survival. The development of agriculture called for greater cooperation between individuals and the formation of governments to impose order created a world where violence was not always in one's best interest. Statistical analysis supports the idea that the emergence of states lead to a decline in violence. The second trend, the Civilizing Process, is an idea he developed from the work of Norbert Elias. In the late medieval and early modern periods, etiquette and social norms began to be important in social interactions, economics and technology began to advance, and governments began to become more centralized. This trend was also accompanied by a decline in violence. The third trend is the Humanitarian Revolution during which people began to increasingly find practices, such as torture, capital punishment, war and slavery, morally questionable. Empathy, compassion, and peace became important characteristics. The fourth trend is the Long Peace, which stems from the realization that since World War II no two major world powers have gone to war and, in spite of predictions to the contrary, nuclear weapons have never been used. …

The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined

http://kidneys.zaslavsky.com.ua/article/download/84325/116293

Європейське керівництво з профілактики серцево-судинних захворювань у клінічній практиці — 2016

La toma de decisiones en la practica diaria del enfermero necesita ser basada en conocimiento cientifico. La practica basada en evidencias es una aproximacion que establece la utilizacion de resultados de investigaciones en la practica clinica, con la revision integradora como uno de sus recursos. La finalidad de esta revision integradora es buscar y evaluar las evidencias disponibles sobre las intervenciones eficaces de enfermeria para la prevencion de lesiones de piel en el paciente quirurgico, en el periodo transoperatorio, o como resultado del mismo. Utilizamos dos bases de datos, Cinahl y Medline, para la seleccion de los articulos, resultando en una muestra de 14 articulos. Tras el analisis de los articulos incluidos en la revision, los resultados de los estudios indicaron que los dispositivos considerados los mas eficaces en la prevencion de lesiones de piel fueron, sucesivamente, el sistema de colchon dinamico pulsante multi-celula, la almohada de polimero seco visco-elastico y almohadas con gel.

/pdf/prevencion-de-lesiones-de-piel-en-el-perioperatorio-revision-3i7si4l5sv.pdf

Prevención de lesiones de piel en el perioperatorio: revisión integradora de la literatura

This research used interview and questionnaire data from homosexual (n = 177), bisexual (n = 157), and heterosexual (n = 544) men between 20 and 30 years of age among lower class men and university students in three countries: Brazil, Thailand, and Turkey. The main goal of the study was to examine the recalled childhood sex-typed behavior and adult sports preferences that distinguish homosexuals from bisexuals and heterosexuals. In all three cultures and both social groups, homosexual men were almost always more likely as children to have wanted to be a girl, to cross-dress, to play with girls, to do girls’ tasks, and to practice fewer sports. They were also less likely to bully others or to engage in physical fights. As children, homosexual men were more likely to prefer swimming and playing volleyball rather than soccer and, as adults, they preferred watching gymnastics and swimming over soccer. The bisexuals scored intermediate mostly in “desire to be a girl” and “cross-dressing,” although they were much closer to the heterosexuals. These results, coupled with previous cross-cultural research, suggest that cross-gender behavior in childhood may characterize most male homosexuals regardless of their cultural milieu.

https://sites.oxy.edu/clint/physio/article/RecalledSextypedBehaviorinChildhoodandSports.pdf

Recalled sex-typed behavior in childhood and sports' preferences in adulthood of heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual men from Brazil, Turkey, and Thailand.

This study investigated whether homosexually identified males in a small Brazilian fishing community are similar to homosexually identified males described in the international literature. In addition, it attempted to distinguish heterosexuals who have sex with homosexuals from other heterosexuals. A total of 41 men were classified into three sexual categories: paneleiros ("pan cabinets"), who have sex only with men, and invariably so in a bottom position; persistent heterosexuals, who have sex only with women; and paneleiro lovers, who have sex with women and with paneleiros, but invariably in a top position. There were significant differences in childhood play activities, sexual inclinations, and sports preferences between paneleiros and non-paneleiros; however, paneleiro lovers and persistent heterosexuals were not significantly different with regard to these variables or with regard to access to women. These findings add to the cross-cultural literature on childhood cross-gender behavior and homoerotic activities among non-homosexually identified males.

Cultural universals and differences in male homosexuality: the case of a Brazilian fishing village.

Programa de Hidroginástica para idosos: motivação, auto-estima e auto-imagem

FUNDAMENTO: O Indice Internacional de Funcao Eretil tem sido proposto como metodo de avaliacao da funcao sexual, auxiliando no diagnostico e na classificacao da disfuncao eretil. No entanto, nao foi realizada a validacao do IIFE para a lingua portuguesa. OBJETIVO: Validar o Indice Internacional de Funcao Eretil em pacientes portadores de doencas cardiopulmonares e metabolicas. METODOS: A amostra foi composta por 108 participantes portadores de doencas cardiopulmonares e metabolicas de dois programas de reabilitacao cardiopulmonar e metabolica (RCPM) do sul do Brasil. A avaliacao da clareza do instrumento foi realizada por meio de escala com variacao de 0-10, a validacao de construto foi realizada pela analise fatorial confirmatoria (KMO = 0,85, Barllet p < 0,001), a consistencia interna foi analisada pelo alfa de Cronbach. Foram analisados, ainda, os preceitos de reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade interavaliadores por meio do teste reteste. RESULTADOS: Os itens foram julgados muito claros, com medias superiores a 9. A consistencia interna resultou em 0,89. A maioria das questoes relacionou-se corretamente com seus respectivos dominios, com excecao das tres questoes do dominio satisfacao sexual e uma questao relacionada a funcao eretil. Os itens apresentaram excelente estabilidade de medida e concordância substancial quase perfeita. CONCLUSAO: Demonstrou-se que o IIFE e valido e bem compreendido por pacientes que participam de programa de reabilitacao cardiopulmonar e metabolica.

/pdf/validation-of-the-international-index-of-erectile-function-3cmw8tuh4x.pdf

Validation of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIFE) for use in Brazil

Sexual behavior may be altered during pregnancy. The authors aimed to investigate the behavior of pregnant women in terms of level of sexual initiative and change in sexual positions for intercourse. The authors conducted a retrospective research with 156 pregnant Brazilian women who completed a questionnaire. Before pregnancy, both partners usually initiated sex, whereas during pregnancy, the male partner generally did. In general, women who took the sexual initiative showed better scores in the sexuality variables. During pregnancy, the use of each sexual position reduced significantly. Couples in which both partners take the sexual initiative tend to accept a wider variety of sexual positions.

Fernando Luiz Cardoso

Papers

Recalled sex-typed behavior in childhood and sports' preferences in adulthood of heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual men from Brazil, Turkey, and Thailand.

Cultural universals and differences in male homosexuality: the case of a Brazilian fishing village.

Programa de Hidroginástica para idosos: motivação, auto-estima e auto-imagem

Validation of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIFE) for use in Brazil

Sexual Initiative and Intercourse Behavior During Pregnancy Among Brazilian Women: A Retrospective Study