buku ini berisi tentang aplikasi perspektif psikologi positif, sejarah dan dasar filsafat, praktek cara hidup sehat, belajar mengajar, positif psikologi dalam bekerja, psikologi positif dalam ruang konsultasi dan lain-lain

Positive psychology in practice

Group living is perhaps the most signifi cant adaptation of primate species, including human beings. Whereas other animals are armed with weapons, such as sharp teeth or claws, and defensive resources, such as thick skin and speed, primate species depend critically on group living for survival (Caporeal, 1997 ; Dunbar, 1996 ). Th is tendency to come together is especially great under threat. Even chimpanzees, known for their solitary behavior, may abandon this style in favor of group activity when an enhanced risk of predation exists (Boesch, 1991 ). In times of intense stress, humans are much the same. Following the September 11 terrorist attacks, some of the most common methods people reported using to cope with this threatening event involved turning to others, including family, friends, and even strangers (Galea et al., 2002 ). Th ere are, of course, tangible benefi ts to social affi liation under threat. For example, following a disaster, such as a fi re, a fl ood, or a bombing, the presence of many hands can locate survivors and get them to safety. But the presence of others has long been known to foster adjustment to threatening events in other ways, specifi cally by protecting against adverse changes in mental and physical health that may otherwise occur in response to stress. Social support is now so widely acknowledged as a critical resource for managing stressful occurrences that over 1,100 articles on the topic appear in the research and clinical literatures each year.

Social Support: A Review

Numerous studies have linked social support to better medication adherence among illness groups, but few have examined potential mechanisms for this relationship. Relationships were examined between social support, depression, positive states of mind (PSOM), and medication adherence among HIV positive men who have sex with men (n = 61) and women (n = 29) on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Depression and PSOM were evaluated as potential mediators of the relationship between support and adherence. Cross-sectional data showed that greater social support and PSOM related to better adherence whereas higher depression scores related to nonadherence. PSOM partially mediated the relationship between social support and adherence. PSOM may be an important mechanism through which social support is related to better medication adherence in this population.

https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/hea/23/4/413.pdf

Social support, positive states of mind, and HIV treatment adherence in men and women living with HIV/AIDS.

http://coursaris.com/wp-content/uploads/CHB_SocialSupport_2009_Coursaris_Liu.pdf

An analysis of social support exchanges in online HIV/AIDS self-help groups

Knowledge of effective ways of coping with HIV is critical to help individuals with HIV maintain the best possible psychological and physical well-being. The purpose of the present article is to determine, through meta-analysis, the strength of the evidence regarding 2 questions: (a) Which types of coping are related to psychological and physical well-being among people with HIV? and (b) Do contextual (pre?post introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapies [HAART]; time since diagnosis), measurement (HIV-related event vs. generic prompts for coping measurement), or individual (gender) variables affect the extent to which coping is related to physical and psychological well-being? The authors' analysis demonstrates that Direct Action and Positive Reappraisal were consistently associated with better outcomes in people coping with HIV across affective, health behavior, and physical health categories. In contrast, disengagement forms of coping, such as Behavioral Disengagement and Use of Alcohol or Drugs to Cope, were consistently associated with poorer outcomes. The findings also indicate that in some cases, coping effectiveness was dependent on contextual factors, including time since diagnosis and the advent of HAART.

What Works in Coping With HIV? A Meta-Analysis With Implications for Coping With Serious Illness

The purpose of this study was to examine psychosocial correlates of adjustment to HIV/AIDS in a sample of 137 HIV-positive persons (78 men and 59 women). Multiple regression analysis was used to examine relationships between perceived quality of general social support, three attachment styles, and three coping styles with total score on Positive States of Mind Scale (PSOMS), our measure of adjustment. The influence of demographic and medical status variables was also accounted for. PSOMS total score was significantly associated with greater satisfaction with social support related to HIV/AIDS, more secure attachment style, and less use of behavioral disengagement in coping with HIV/AIDS. These results indicate that for people with HIV or AIDS, those individuals who are more satisfied with their relationships, securely engaged with others, and more directly engaged with their illness are more likely to experience positive adjustment. Implications for physical health outcome and opportunities for intervention are discussed.

Feyza Marouf

Papers

Coping, social support, and attachment style as psychosocial correlates of adjustment in men and women with HIV/AIDS.