Method for fast pyrolysis of lignocellulose including: mechanically comminuting the lignocellulose to lignocellulose particles; at least one of completely drying and preheating the lignocellulose particles; mixing the lignocellulose particles with heat transfer particles so as to provide a mixture; heating the heat transfer particles, prior to the mixing, to a temperature between 500° C. and 650° C.; and heating, in a pyrolysis reactor with oxygen excluded, the lignocellulose particles using the heat transfer particles so as to establish a temperature between 400° C. and 600° C. for 1 to 50 seconds and so as to react the lignocellulose particles so as to provide pyrolysis coke, pyrolysis condensate, and pyrolysis gas.

Method for the rapid pyrolysis of lignocellulose

Volatile matter especially solvents is recovered from waste material using a hot granular material such as sand, as a heat carrier to drive off the solvents, and as a carrier for the non-volatile resin content of the waste; the resins are thermally decomposed in reactions which provide heat to maintain the granular material hot and the granular material is continuously circulated; the exhaust gases from the thermal decomposition of the resins can be used as a source of heat outside the system.

Disposal of wastes with solvent recovery

A pyrolysis plant (20) comprises a grinding pyrolyser (22), being a machine or apparatus in which both particle size reduction and pyrolysis occur simultaneously. Plant (20) also comprises a bin (30) for holding wet particulate biomass feedstock. Chute (32) leads from the bin (30) to a biomass dryer 34 which reduces moisture content of the feedstock to below about 10 % wt. Dried feedstock is conveyed from dryer (34) via line (36) to a dried biomass feedstock hopper (38). Dried feedstock is fed from hopper (38) into a chute (40) which leads to an inlet trunnion (42) of grinding pyrolyser (22). A discharge trunnion (44) of grinding pyrolyser (22) leads to a char holder (60) for collecting char particles and a condensation train (62) for condensing vapour generated by the pyrolysis to produce oil.

Method of and system for grinding pyrolysis of particulate carbonaceous feedstock

Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reheater for containing a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive a first portion of the heated inorganic particles. The inorganic particle cooler is configured to receive a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the first portion of the heated inorganic particles to form first partially-cooled heated inorganic particles that are fluidly communicated to the reheater and combined with a second portion of the heated inorganic particles to form second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles. A reactor is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive the second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles.

Apparatuses and Methods for Controlling Heat for Rapid Thermal Processing of Carbonaceous Material

A process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbon oil from the thermal decomposition of waste plastics in a continuous process which comprises melting of a waste plastic feedstock into an auger assisted melt reactor to remove chlorine and organics contained in the waste plastic, and transferring the melted waste plastic into an heated screw pyrolysis reactor which includes a transitional metal heat transfer medium. The hydrocarbon gas from the pyrolysis reactor is fed into a vessel containing metal trays for a second decomposition which is connected with an alkali treatment 2-step process gas reactor to remove acidic gases, and any inorganic solids. The hydrocarbon gases are separated by three separate condensers. The hydrocarbon fraction of the first condenser is recycled back into the pyrolysis reaction for further thermal treatment, and the hydrocarbon fractions are collected in the remaining condensers.

Fisher Robert A

Papers

Method and apparatus for stripping oil from oil shale

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Pyrolysieren von festen, bei der Pyrolyse brennbare Rueckstaende hinterlassenden Stoffen