Cause, conseguenze e strategie di mitigazione Proponiamo il primo di una serie di articoli in cui affronteremo l’attuale problema dei mutamenti climatici. Presentiamo il documento redatto, votato e pubblicato dall’Ipcc - Comitato intergovernativo sui cambiamenti climatici - che illustra la sintesi delle ricerche svolte su questo tema rilevante.

/pdf/climate-change-2007-the-physical-science-basis-1x93ttz9jt.pdf

Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis.

Climate change 2014 - Synthesis Report

List of Figures List of Tables Foreword Introduction Robin P. Fawcett, M.A.K. Halliday, Sydney M. Lamb and Adam Makkai 1 Language as Code and Language as Behaviour: A Systemic-Functional Interpretation of the Nature and Ontogenesis of Dialogue M.A.K. Halliday 2 Metaphors of Information John Regan 3 How Universal is a Localist Hypothesis? A Linguistic Contribution to the Study of 'Semantic Styles' of Language Yoshihiko Ikegami 4 Some Speculations on Language Contact in a Wider Setting Jeffrey Ellis 5 Ways of Saying: Ways of Meaning Ruqaiya Hasan Index

Language as social semiotic

A cognitive approach to language learning

/pdf/methods-of-critical-discourse-analysis-56jzrixa52.pdf

Methods of critical discourse analysis

C ritical Discourse Analysis (CDA) has been used as a basic discipline in education to provide answers to questions about the relationships between language, society, power, identity, ideology, politics, and culture. Van Dijk (1997) being a leading figure of this field, has defined critical discourse studies as a new multidisciplinary discipline for the analysis of text and talk in the humanities and social sciences. CDA aims at examining the dominant culture in a society to discover the mechanisms that have made that culture dominant, and to criticize of those mechanisms. The utmost objective of any CDA study is to unravel the underlying hidden agenda which is left implicit in the discourse. This paper aims to provide a concise overview about CDA, its definit ion, and some CDA frameworks. In this regard, four basic CDA frameworks proposed by Van Leeuwen, Van Dijk, Hodge and Kress, and Faircalough have been presented. (Mohammad Javad Riasati, Forough Rahimi. Critical Discourse Analysis: Scrutinizing Ideologica lly - Driven Discourses. Rep Opinion 2014;6(7): 77 - 81 ). (ISSN: 1553 - 9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report . 11

/pdf/critical-discourse-analysis-scrutinizing-ideologically-1uqq5t0oxo.pdf

Critical Discourse Analysis: Scrutinizing Ideologically-Driven Discourses

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are secure private lifetime records that can be shared
by using interoperability standards between different organizations and units. These records are created
by the productive system that is called EHR system. Implementing EHR systems has a number of
advantages such as facilitating access to medical records, supporting patient care, and improving the
quality of care and health care decisions. The project of electronic health record system in Iran, which
is the goal of this study, is called SEPAS. With respect to the importance of EHR and EHR systems the
researchers investigated the project from two perspectives: determining the coordinates of the project
and how it evolved, and incorporating the coordinates of EHR system in this project. Methods: In this
study two evaluation tools, a checklist and a questionnaire, were developed based on texts and reliable
documentation. The questionnaire and the checklist were validated using content validity by receiving
the experts’ comments and the questionnaire’s reliability was estimated through Test-retest(r =87%).
Data were collected through study, observation, and interviews with experts and specialists of SEPAS
project. Results: This research showed that SEPAS project, like any other project, could be evaluated.
It has some aims; steps, operational phases and certain start and end time, but all the resources and
required facilities for the project have not been considered. Therefore it could not satisfy its specified
objective and the useful and unique changes which are the other characteristics of any project have
not been achieved. In addition, the findings of EHR system coordinates can be determined in 4 categories
as Standards and rules, Telecommunication-Communication facilities, Computer equipment
and facilities and Stakeholders. Conclusions: The findings indicated that SEPAS has the ability to use
all standards of medical terminology and health classification systems in the case of Maksa approval
(The reference health coding of Iran).ISO13606 was used as the main standard in this project. Regarding
the telecommunication-communication facilities of the project, the findings showed that its link
is restricted to health care centers which does not cover other institutions and organizations involved
in public health. The final result showed that SEPAS is in the early stages of execution. And the full
implementation of EHR needs the provision of the infrastructure of the National Health Information
Network that is the same as EHR system.

/pdf/the-evaluation-of-sepas-national-project-based-on-electronic-nrw9ptx3s6.pdf

The Evaluation of SEPAS National Project Based on Electronic Health Record System (EHRS) Coordinates in Iran.

The present study is an attempt to investigate Iranian EFL learners’ willingness to speak English in language classrooms, and the situational and individual factors that influence their willingness...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/2331186X.2018.1513313

Situational and individual factors engendering willingness to speak English in foreign language classrooms

Recent trends prevalent in the studies about language are stressing the vital role culture, as an inseparable part of language, plays in accumulating so-called international or worldwide prestige. English has become the official language of the business and scientific world (Schutz, 2005). There are a number of elements backing and contributing to this process, directly or indirectly. These elements are mostly of political nature. This study tries to examine and question the present worldview of an EFL academic context regarding the status of English. It is carried out at two interwoven levels. The first section is devoted to the current status of English as the world's number one language of science, politics, sports, business and the like. To this end, a brief, but concise historical overview of “English as a lingua franca” or “English as an international language” and the leading scholars viewpoints in this regard, is provided. The next section is an attempt to crystalize the factors that have helped or are helping this language to gain and develop such a worldview. This qualitative study is pursued through triangulated data collection procedures in an EFL academic context. The data required for this study was gathered through observations, semi-structured interviews, field notes, and focus group discussions. The results signified that English has found its way and position as the world's most recognized lingua franca and this is a policy which is left implicit and untouched in many contexts, such as the Iranian EFL context. Key words: English as a lingua franca; English in academic context; Critical thinking

/pdf/on-the-status-of-english-as-a-lingua-franca-an-efl-academic-4ee1c65fze.pdf

On the Status of English as a “Lingua Franca”: An EFL Academic Context

Students' plagiarism has been recently a topic of research among academic societies. The ways through which academic institutions attempt to deter or minimized the incidence of plagiarism are founded on a thorough understanding of the reasons why students plagiarize. Employing a number of semi-structured interviews, the present qualitative study endeavors to seek a group of Iranian postgraduate students' viewpoints on the reasons of plagiarism. Findings indicated a number of reasons including students' shallow understanding of the concept of plagiarism, poor linguistic abilities, poor research and writing skills, lack of familiarity with and interest in the topic assigned to them and the pressures they feel from family members, as well as the society. Based on the findings of the study, a number of suggestions are offered to reduce the frequency of plagiarism. The implications of these findings can be helpful for universities and academic societies seeking to marginalize plagiarism among their students.

/pdf/why-do-iranian-postgraduate-students-plagiarize-a-2gg7yy289p.pdf

Forough Rahimi

Papers

Critical Discourse Analysis: Scrutinizing Ideologically-Driven Discourses

The Evaluation of SEPAS National Project Based on Electronic Health Record System (EHRS) Coordinates in Iran.

Situational and individual factors engendering willingness to speak English in foreign language classrooms

On the Status of English as a “Lingua Franca”: An EFL Academic Context

Why Do Iranian Postgraduate Students Plagiarize? A Qualitative Investigation