The present invention provides method and system for data communication in the human body and a sensor therefor. The method and system transmit information through the human body to a receiver located outside the human body using low current and voltage polarity, so that they cause no damage to the human body and achieve low power consumption and better receiving sensitivity. In addition, the sensor contains a CMOS image sensor on which all circuits are integrated without radio transmitter and antenna, so that it achieves a low-priced and small-sized capsule type endoscope.

Method and system for data communication in human body and sensor therefor

An operation apparatus of a circuit breaker provided with a mobile contact and a fixed contact, the mobile contact is pressed against the fixed contact or drawn apart from the fixed contact, comprising an operation rod fixed to the mobile contact and held to be movable with respect to the fixed contact, a mobile member movably connected to the operation rod, a relative movable range of the mobile member to the operation rod being limited within a predetermined value, a first elastic member for urging the operation rod with respect to the mobile member in a direction in which the mobile contact is pressed against the fixed contact, a fixed member for movably holding the mobile member, a second elastic member for urging the mobile member with respect to the fixed member in a direction in which the mobile contact is drawn apart from the fixed contact, a permanent magnet for driving the mobile member with respect to the fixed member in a direction in which the mobile contact is pressed against the fixed contact, an operation electromagnet for applying a magnet force to the permanent magnet so as to drive the mobile member, and a power supply circuit for energizing the operation electromagnet.

Operation apparatus of circuit breaker

The current interchange includes a housing disposed on a high voltage circuit interrupter. The movable switch contact extends into the housing with a guide member attached to the end of the movable switch contact. The housing includes a base attached to one of the terminals of the interrupter and includes a pair of guide rods extending into the housing for guiding engagement with the guide member. A pair of electrical cables extend helically around the guide rods and have one end attached to the base and another end attached to the guide member to provide an electrical path between the movable switch contact and the terminal. The electrical cables produce an axial magnetic field which maintains the metallic vapor produced by the interruption of the circuit between the contacts to reduce the transport of ions from the gap and reduce the current chop.

Current interchange for vacuum capacitor switch

A circuit interrupter includes an arc extinction assembly [10,70,110] for magnetically driving or blowing out an arc formed between a stationary contact [2,62,102] and a movable contact [3,63,103]. The assembly comprises a pair of coaxial windings [12,72,112] which are disposed in proximity to the contacts so that the internal lines of magnetic force generated by and passing inside of the windings can act directly on the arc for magnetically driving the arc in one direction. A magnetic flux diverting yoke [40,40A,90,140,140A] is provided in association with the windings [12,72,112] to diverse therethrough the external lines of magnetic force generated by and passing outside of the windings such that the arc and a portion of the movable contact arm [4,64,104] carrying the same will not be under the influence of the external lines of magnetic force even when the contact separation proceeds to a stage where the arc is extended past the region which is totally under the influence of the internal lines of magnetic force. Otherwise, the external lines of magnetic force would pass through the arc and the portion of the movable contact arm [4,64,104] in the opposite direction to the internal lines of magnetic force, causing the adverse magnetic effect of retarding the arc extinction and contact separation.

Current limiting circuit interrupter

In a closing magnetic circuit, when a movable contact is in contact with a fixed contact and a switching device is closed, N and S poles of a permanent magnet attract the fixed member in a direction in which the movable contact is pressed against the fixed contact. In an opening magnetic circuit, when the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact and the switching device is open, one of the N and S poles of the permanent magnet attracts the fixed member in a direction in which the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact. An operating electromagnet winding increases and decreases the magnetism in the closing magnetic circuit and opening magnetic circuit. With this configuration, it is possible to realize an operating apparatus for a switching device using a simple mechanism and assure a stable operation by producing a great contact load.

Operating apparatus for switching device

A pair of pancake-like coils have a coil axis substantially colinear with one coil mounted to a framework and the other coil mounted on a movable member. The coils are wound such that when electrically energized simultaneously the resulting magnetic fields are in opposition, thereby producing a repelling force therebetween. A spring is disposed between the framework and the movable member to urge the movable member in a sense opposite to the repelling force. A power supply is connected to the coil pair providing for a high initial energy transfer and a lower sustaining energy transfer. A shock absorber is mounted on the framework to arrest the moving member which is set in motion by the repelling force. An armature is attached to the moving member which enters the field of a holding coil as the moving member is displaced by the repelling force. When the holding coil is energized with the armature situated therein, the moving member is held against the spring force.

Repulsion coil actuator for high speed high power circuits

An improved envelope for a vacuum-type current interrupter of the type having a pair of relatively movable electrodes. The envelope includes end portions which support the electrodes and an intermediate insulating portion which surrounds and is spaced from the electrodes. Baffles are provided along the interior surface of the insulating portion to break up continuous metallic vapor deposits on the interior of the envelope.

Current limiter vacuum envelope

A vacuum type current interrupter is provided having a low mass movable electrode which can be moved into electrical contact with a stationary electrode for carrying large currents associated with power lines. A third electrode is positioned in the vacuum envelope in opposing relation to the stationary electrode and adjacent the movable electrode. When the stationary and movable electrodes are separated an arc will appear between their contact surfaces. The third electrode is conductively connected to the movable electrode so that the arc will spread from the latter to the relatively larger surface of the third electrode, to reduce local overheating of the electrodes during arcing.

Current interrupter electrode configuration

A vacuum arc current interruption device is installed in a current limiting circuit which includes a parallel resonant circuit. Means are provided for producing transverse lines of magnetic force in the arc gap between the electrodes in the vacuum enclosure. The energizing circuit for the magnetic field coils includes a capacitor bank employing unpolarized capacitors and a switch. After the capacitor bank is charged up, the switch is closed, discharging the capacitors through the field coils and producing lines of magnetic force in the arc gap. The field coils and capacitor bank together form a resonant field circuit having a characteristic resonant frequency which causes periodic reversals in the polarity of the lines of magnetic force. The oscillating magnetic field produces responsive oscillations in the arc voltage of an arc present in the arc gap of the vacuum device, which in turn causes oscillations of the arc current. When oscillations of sufficient magnitude are generated to produce a current zero, the arc is driven to extinction and the circuit current is commuted into a parallel current limiting impedance.

Vacuum arc current limiter with oscillating transverse magnetic field and method

An electrical circuit breaking device adapted for connection in circuit with an electrical conductor for interrupting the current passing through the latter is disclosed herein. This device includes an arrangement of larger and smaller electrode contacting surfaces which are separated from one another in a way which improves the continuous current carrying capability of the device while maintaining satisfactory interruption capability.

Francis A. Holmes

Papers

Repulsion coil actuator for high speed high power circuits

Current limiter vacuum envelope

Current interrupter electrode configuration

Vacuum arc current limiter with oscillating transverse magnetic field and method

Electrical circuit breaking device and method