Showing papers by "Fred A. Best published in 2003"
10 Jun 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed techniques for improving effective radiometric performance by removing noise in post-processing is a primary subject of this paper, which is the case of the Scanning HIS aircraft instrument (S-HIS).
Abstract: Development in the mid 80s of the High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS) for the high altitude NASA ER2 aircraft demonstrated the capability for advanced atmospheric temperature and water vapor sounding and set the stage for new satellite instruments that are now becoming a reality [AIRS (2002), CrIS (2006), IASI (2006), GIFTS (2005/6)]. Follow-on developments at the University of Wisconsin-Madison that employ interferometry for a wide range of Earth observations include the ground-based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) and the Scanning HIS aircraft instrument (S-HIS). The AERI was developed for the US DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program, primarily to provide highly accurate radiance spectra for improving radiative transfer models. The continuously operating AERI soon demonstrated valuable new capabilities for sensing the rapidly changing state of the boundary layer and properties of the surface and clouds. The S-HIS is a smaller version of the original HIS that uses cross-track scanning to enhance spatial coverage. S-HIS and its close cousin, the NPOESS Airborne Sounder Testbed (NAST) operated by NASA Langley, are being used for satellite instrument validation and for atmospheric research. The calibration and noise performance of these and future satellite instruments is key to optimizing their remote sensing products. Recently developed techniques for improving effective radiometric performance by removing noise in post-processing is a primary subject of this paper.
11 citations
03 Feb 2003
TL;DR: S-HIS as mentioned in this paper is a powerful tool to validate spectra from AIRS on the NASA Aqua satellite with its spatial mapping, which improves aircraft capabilities for observing the earth-emitted spectrum in great detail and high accuracy.
Abstract: S-HIS developments improve aircraft capabilities for observing the earth-emitted spectrum in great detail and high accuracy. With its spatial mapping, S-HIS is a powerful tool to validate spectra from AIRS on the NASA Aqua satellite.
5 citations
08 Apr 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, a wavefront tilt measurement system that monitors vibration induced optical tilts has been incorporated into the scanning high-resolution interferometer sounder (S-HIS) instrument.
Abstract: The Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS) instrument is a cross track scanning Fourier-transform interferometer with 0.5 wavenumber resolution. It uses three detectors to cover the upwelling earth spectrum over the range from 3.3 to 17 microns. Vibration experienced during flight on aircraft platforms can cause a significant level of spectrally correlated noise in the calibrated spectra. To allow this interferometric noise to be removed by analysis, a wavefront tilt measurement system that monitors vibration induced optical tilts has been incorporated into the S-HIS instrument. This two-axis tilt measurement system records small changes in wavefront alignment during the data collection of both scene and blackbody interferograms. In general, both amplitude-modulation and sample-position errors can result from these tilts. Here we show that the modulation errors that dominate the interferometric noise in the S-HIS shortwave band can be significantly reduced by using the wavefront tilt measurements to model and remove the interferometric errors. The validation of our vibration induced tilt error model with blackbody data demonstrates a correction technique applicable to correcting all types of scene data.
2 citations
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this article, the upwelling thermal infrared emission from the surface and atmosphere over the U. S. Southern Great Plains was obtained from the NASA DC-8 with the Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS) instrument, analysis of the SIS radiances were used to obtain atmospheric temperature profiles below the aircraft.
Abstract: This is the final report for NASA grant NAG-1-02057/University of Wisconsin-Madison/Dr. Henry E Revercomb, PI. This grant supported the University of Wisconsin-Madison participation in the International Water-Vapor Project (IHOP) experiment in May-June 2002. The upwelling thermal infrared emission from the surface and atmosphere over the U. S. Southern Great Plains was obtained from the NASA DC-8 with the Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS) instrument, Analysis of the S-HIS radiances were used to obtain atmospheric temperature profiles below the aircraft. In a complementary manner, the downwelling thermal infrared emission at the surface was obtained by the University of Wisconsin Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) instrument from a mobile research vehicle and used to profile the atmospheric boundary layer at the Homestead site. This report summarizes the observations of the S-HIS and AERI instruments during IHOP including validation against in situ observations.