The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Sexual Behavior in the Human Male

This book attempts to achieve a difficult goal: to teach statistics to the novice so as to impart a liking and understanding of statistics. The book is geared toward a medical audience, since most examples are from the medical literature. The structure of the book consists of the following elements in each chapter: a small number of statistical rules of thumb, followed by a nontechnical explanation, a demonstration of how to work through the mechanics of doing the statistical test in question, a summary, and sample problems to be solved by the reader. (The answers, with explanations, are provided in an appendix.) Although a variety of univariate statistics are included, certain topics that are important in medical research are not. For example, there is little or no discussion of multiple regression, life-table techniques, or pooling of studies. These omissions, especially of multiple regression, are unfortunate. The Primer was derived from

Primer of Biostatistics

Chemical aspects of self-etching enamel–dentin adhesives: A systematic review

Teeth and bones: applications of surface science to dental materials and related biomaterials

For patients aged 5 to 9 and 11 to 14, 100 occlusal surfaces on newly erupting permanent molars were treated with a self-curing pit and fissure sealant. All teeth were categorized according to stage of eruption and sealant thickness of the coating applied. After 36 months, 75 surfaces were examined for a final evaluation; 52 surfaces (70%) did not need retreatment. Of the 23 surfaces retreated as a result of sealant loss or marginal deterioration, 18 were retreated only once in the six recall evaluations. Those molars treated originally with the operculum covering the distal marginal ridge of the occlusal surface had twice the probability for retreatment as teeth not treated until the entire marginal ridge was exposed. The thickness of the sealant coating did not affect the early signs of sealant failure.

Evaluating Tooth Eruption on Sealant Efficacy

This study analyzes the clinical effectiveness of a sealant (Delton) and its requirements for retreatment to maintain the optimum protection from pit and fissure caries. One hundred paired occlusal surfaces were treated in 29 patients. Two contralateral, partially erupted, noncarious molars with deep occlusal fissures were randomly selected to receive a sealant; one had a rubber dam and the other, cotton rolls for isolation. Each tooth received a prophylaxis with a rubber cup and a pumice slurry. The dryness of the field was evaluated. Each tooth was etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 60 seconds, rinsed for 15 seconds, and dried for 30 seconds. Sealant (Delton Tinted) was applied with a syringe according to manufacturer's instructions. Sealants were evaluated and reapplied where indicated at 6-month intervals. The average 6-month retention rate over 36 months was 95%, regardless of the method of isolation used when the sealant was applied initially. No tooth under treatment with a sealant became carious. The retreatment rate was highest at baseline (8%) and at 6 months (11.3%). Of the total number of retreated sealants, 61% were from the mandibular arch. During the 36 months of this study, 31% of the treated teeth required at least one retreatment.

Three-year evaluation of sealant: effect of isolation on efficacy

This article investigates the effects of a controlled fluoride-releasing device on demineralized enamel using microhardness and acid-resistance testing plus the evaluation of fluoride uptake for 7- and 30-day treatments. The in vivo effects of an intraoral fluoride-releasing device on acid-softened enamel are investigated. Microhardness, acid-resistance, and fluoride uptake test values were significantly higher for treated specimens than for respective control specimens, and the values for specimens treated for 30 days were significantly higher than were the values for specimens treated for 7 days. The results suggest that the fluoride-releasing device provides an effective in vivo method of remineralizing enamel.

Intraoral effects of a fluoride-releasing device on acid-softened enamel

Acid-softened bovine enamel slabs were mounted in acrylic mandibular removable appliances and worn by 8 male subjects. Control slabs were worn for 4 days without exposure to topical fluoride agents. T

In vivo remineralization of artificial enamel lesions by a fluoride dentifrice or mouthrinse.

Preparing for catastrophic events, both human-made and natural, is in the national interest and has become a priority since catastrophic events in Oklahoma City, Washington, DC, and New York City. Dentists are a large source of non-physician health manpower that could contribute to the public welfare during catastrophic events that require additional public health human resources. Dentists, by virtue of their education, understand biomedical concepts and have patient care skills that can be directly applied during a catastrophic event. Dentists also can provide training for other types of health care workers and can supervise these individuals. In this article, we propose that dentistry can make a significant contribution as part of a national response before, during, and after a catastrophic event or at the time of a public health emergency. We describe the potential collaboration among a dental school, city and state health departments, law enforcement, the military, and others to develop a curriculum in catastrophe preparedness. Then we describe one dental school’s effort to build a catastrophe preparedness curriculum for our students. The competencies, goals and objectives, and sources of content for this catastrophe preparedness curriculum are described as well as suggestions for sequencing instruction.

Frederick G. More

Papers

Evaluating Tooth Eruption on Sealant Efficacy

Three-year evaluation of sealant: effect of isolation on efficacy

Intraoral effects of a fluoride-releasing device on acid-softened enamel

In vivo remineralization of artificial enamel lesions by a fluoride dentifrice or mouthrinse.

Predoctoral dental school curriculum for catastrophe preparedness.