An exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas turbine in the exhaust gas train and a compressor in the intake tract, whereby an adjustable throttle device is provided upstream from the compressor wheel, for regulating the air mass stream to be supplied. The throttle device comprises a first guide grid and a second guide grid in the inflow region to the compressor wheel. Each guide grid possesses an adjustable grid geometry.

Exhaust-gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine

An exhaust gas aftertreatment installment and associated exhaust gas aftertreatment method utilizes a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter and an SCR catalytic converter. A particulate filter is provided upstream of the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter or between the latter and the SCR catalytic converter or downstream of the SCR catalytic converter. The time of regeneration operating phases of the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter can be determined as a function of the nitrogen oxide content of the exhaust gas downstream of the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter or of the SCR catalytic converter and/or as a function of the ammonia loading of the latter. Moreover, a desired ammonia generation quantity can be determined for a respective regeneration operating phase. The installation and method are adopted for use for motor vehicle internal combustion engines and other engines which are operated predominantly in lean-burn mode.

Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment Installation and Method

One aspect of the invention relates an exhaust treatment system having an SCR reactor following a NOx adsorber. Syn gas is used to regenerate the NOx adsorber. Another aspect relates to an LNT/SCR provided with an ammonia source separate from the LNT. A further aspect relates to a system comprising first and second LNTs and one or more SCRs downstream of the LNTs. A still further aspect relates to a device comprising first and second NOx adsorbers contained in a single housing. Another aspect relates to coating a surface of a moving part in an exhaust system with an oxidation catalyst to mitigate fouling. Additional aspects of the invention relate to strategies for controlling one or more of the time to initiate a regeneration cycle, the time to terminate a regeneration cycle, and the reductant injection rate during regeneration of LNT/SCR exhaust treatment systems.

Hybrid catalyst system for exhaust emissions reduction

The invention relates to a fuel-injection valve, in particular a high-pressure injection valve for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of a compressed-mixture, spark-ignition internal combustion engine. Said valve is characterised in that an outlet opening (23) is provided downstream of the valve seat (20), the downstream end of said opening having a slit-forming element (30) that to a great extent closes the outlet opening (23). A slit-type flow outlet (35), through which a fuel spray can be discharged in a fan-type jet, is formed between the slit-forming element (30) and a front face (34) of the valve seat body (16).

Fuel-injection valve

The invention provides devices and methods for generating H2 and CO in an O2 containing gas stream. The invention also provides devices and methods for removal of NOX from an O2 containing gas stream, particularly the oxygen-rich exhaust stream from a lean-burning engine, such as a diesel engine. The invention includes a fuel processor that efficiently converts added hydrocarbon fuel to a reducing mixture of H2 and CO. the added fuel may be a portion of the onboard fuel on a vehicle. The H2 and CO are incorporated into the exhaust stream and reacted over a selective lean NOX catalyst to convert NOX to N2, thereby providing an efficient means of NOX emission control.

Devices and methods for reduction of nox emissions from lean burn engines

An emission control system for an internal-combustion engine has at least one nitrogen oxide adsorber for the periodic adsorption and desorption of nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas of the internal-combustion engine. A desorption gas pipe has an externally heatable catalyst arranged therein to which a mixture of air and/or exhaust gas can be fed as well as fuel at an at least stoichiometric proportion. This mixture is burned to form a desorbing gas flow which is fed to the respective nitrogen oxide adsorber for the nitrogen oxide desorption.

Emission control system for an internal-combustion engine

A process and apparatus for reducing the nitrogen oxide content in oxygen-containing emissions is provided, particularly for internal-combustion engines, particularly of diesel engines and directly injecting Otto engines for motor vehicles. The nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas are reduced by a suitable reducing agent, such as hydrogen or hydrocarbons, on a DENOX catalyst. For achieving an improved conversion rate for the nitrogen oxides, a combination of hydrogen and hydrocarbons are used as reducing agents. In different operating ranges of the internal-combustion engine only hydrogen, only hydrocarbons, or hydrogen and hydrocarbons are added. Preferably, for this purpose, the quantity of supplied hydrogen or hydrocarbons is reduced or increased with an increasing engine load and/or catalyst temperature and/or rotational engine speed.

Process and apparatus for reducing nitrogen oxides in engine emissions

A motor vehicle exhaust emission control system has two adsorber parts connected in parallel for alternate adsorption and desorption of nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust from an internal combustion engine and components for conducting further downstream the exhaust that emerges in the adsorber part that is operating at any given time in the adsorption mode and for returning the exhaust that emerges from the other adsorber part that is then operating in the desorption mode, to an intake line of the engine. An oxidizing converter is located upstream of the adsorber part and near the engine for oxidation of the NO contained in the exhaust to form NO2, so as to permit an increase in the NOX adsorption rate for the nitrogen adsorber parts.

Internal combustion engine exhaust emission control system with adsorbers for nitrogen oxides

In an internal combustion engine including an exhaust gas turbocharger and a compound power turbine connected to the crankshaft of the engine and an exhaust gas recirculation system extending between the engine exhaust duct upstream of the exhaust gas turbine and the intake duct downstream of the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger, the exhaust gas turbine and the compound power turbine have a size relationship determined by the power absorption capability φ of each turbine such that: φ = m   T p wherein: {dot over (m)} is the exhaust gas mass flow rate through the turbine, T is the exhaust gas temperature at the turbine inlet, and p is the exhaust gas pressure at the turbine outlet and the maximal compound power turbine absorption capability exceeds the maximal absorption capability of the exhaust gas turbine

Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas turbocharger and compound power turbine

A process and apparatus for the selective catalyzed NO x reduction in oxygen-containing exhaust gases of internal-combustion engines. For improving the reduction of nitric oxides, hydrocarbons and air are supplied to the exhaust gas purifier and, for producing reactive short-chained unsaturated hydrocarbons, a defined quantity of fuel from the stored fuel intended for the fuel supply of the internal-combustion engine is catalytically cracked and is oxidized by the simultaneous supply of air. The resulting species are guided into the exhaust gas flow of the exhaust gases which are to be purified.

Friedrich Wirbeleit

Papers

Emission control system for an internal-combustion engine

Process and apparatus for reducing nitrogen oxides in engine emissions

Internal combustion engine exhaust emission control system with adsorbers for nitrogen oxides

Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas turbocharger and compound power turbine

Process and apparatus for selective catalyzed no-reduction in oxygen-containing exhaust gases