A review of the electrochemical performance of alloy anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Alloy negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries.

Research to develop alternative electrode materials with high energy densities in Li-ion batteries has been actively pursued to satisfy the power demands for electronic devices and hybrid electric vehicles. This critical review focuses on anode materials composed of Group IV and V elements with their composites including Ag and Mg metals as well as transition metal oxides which have been intensively investigated. This critical review is devoted mainly to their electrochemical performances and reaction mechanisms (313 references).

Li-alloy based anode materials for Li secondary batteries.

It is expected that the market dominance of lithium-ion batteries will continue for at least another decade as there are currently no competing alternatives with the versatility of lithium-ion batteries for powering mobile and portable devices; and for buffering the fluctuating supply of intermittent energy sources such as wind and solar. While the pursuit of higher energy density and higher power density materials constitute the bulk of current interest, there is increasing interest in durable active battery materials that can be produced with minimum environmental impact. It is with these considerations that TiO2- and Sn-based anode materials are most interesting candidates for fulfilling future green energy storage materials. This review will focus on the recent developments of nanostructured TiO2 and Sn-based anode materials, including rutile, anatase, TiO2 (B), and coated TiO2, and pristine SnO2, and SnO2/C, Sn(M)/C composites.

Green energy storage materials: Nanostructured TiO2 and Sn-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Li-ion batteries have been employed successfully in various small electronic devices for the last two decades, and the types of applications are currently expanding to include electric vehicles (EVs), power tools, and large electric power storage units. In order to be implemented in these emerging markets, novel materials for negative and positive electrodes as well as electrolytes need to be developed to achieve high energy density, high power, and safe lithium rechargeable batteries. Here, the trends of the market and development of materials for each application are introduced, and some of next generation Li-ion batteries are discussed.

G. Mulas

Papers

Ternary Sn-Co-C Li-ion battery electrode material prepared by high energy ball milling

An electrochemical investigation of a Sn-Co-C ternary alloy as a negative electrode in Li-ion batteries