Showing papers by "Gabriel Blaj published in 2014"
TL;DR: The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) has opened a new and dynamic frontier in terms of light sources and their associated science as discussed by the authors, where an increase in brightness by a factor of a billion over pre-existing synchrotrons, in combination with ultra-brief pulses of coherent X-rays, is ushering in a new era in the photon sciences.
Abstract: Since it began operations in 2009, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) has opened a new and dynamic frontier in terms of light sources and their associated science [1, 2]. An increase in brightness by a factor of a billion over pre-existing synchrotrons, in combination with ultra-brief pulses of coherent X-rays, is ushering in a new era in the photon sciences. Pulses with durations of 50 fs under standard conditions and below 10 fs with a reduced energy per bunch are possible. Over 1013 or 1012 X-rays per pulse can be generated at the upper and lower ends of the X-ray energy range of 285 eV to 9600 eV. One of the unique machine parameters is its strobe-like time structure, where single ultra-brief pulses are delivered at a repetition rate of 120 Hz. The above characteristics represent a singular environment in which to operate detectors and demand the development of a new class of high-frame-rate camera systems.
18 citations
01 Nov 2014
TL;DR: ePix100 as discussed by the authors is the first variant of a novel class of integrating pixel ASICs optimized for the processing of signals in second generation LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-Ray cameras.
Abstract: ePix100 is the first variant of a novel class of integrating pixel ASICs architectures optimized for the processing of signals in second generation LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-Ray cameras. ePix ASICs are based on a common platform composed of a random access analog matrix of pixel with global shutter, fast parallel column readout, and dedicated sigma-delta analog to digital converters per column. The ePix100 variant is optimized for low noise application requiring high spatial resolution and fast frame rates. The ASIC has pixels of 50×50 µm2 size arranged in a 352×384 array, a resolution of 50e− r.m.s., and a signal range of 35fC (100 photons at 8keV). In its final version it will be able to sustain a frame rate of 1 kHz. Currently a full-size analog version, ePix100a, has been fabricated in TSMC CMOS 0.25 µm technology. The ePix100a has been fully characterized and results are here reported.
11 citations
01 Nov 2014
TL;DR: ePix10k as mentioned in this paper is a variant of a novel class of integrating pixel ASICs architectures optimized for the processing of signals in second generation LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-Ray cameras.
Abstract: ePix10k is a variant of a novel class of integrating pixel ASICs architectures optimized for the processing of signals in second generation LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-Ray cameras. The ASIC is optimized for high dynamic range application requiring high spatial resolution and fast frame rates. ePix ASICs are based on a common platform composed of a random access analog matrix of pixel with global shutter, fast parallel column readout, and dedicated sigma-delta analog to digital converters per column. The ePix10k variant has 100um×100um pixels arranged in a 176×192 matrix, a resolution of 140e- r.m.s. and a signal range of 3.5pC (10k photons at 8keV). In its final version it will be able to sustain a frame rate of 2kHz. A first prototype has been fabricated and characterized. In this paper the ASIC performance in terms of noise, linearity, uniformity and cross-talk are presented, together with preliminary measurements with bump bonded sensors.
10 citations
01 Nov 2014
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid pixel array detector, ePix100, has been developed at SLAC for tender and hard x-ray experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS).
Abstract: A new hybrid pixel array detector, the ePix100, has been developed at SLAC for tender and hard x-ray experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). It is intended for low noise and good spatial resolution applications, particularly X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS) and in combination with wavelength dispersive spectrometers. The detector has 50 µm pixel size and less than 100 e- r.m.s. noise over the range of tested operating conditions. A series of measurements to validate its performance with x-rays was carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) and LCLS. Results are here reported and discussed.
8 citations
01 Nov 2014
TL;DR: The ePix10k x-ray camera is under development at SLAC for use in hard X-ray experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), and a series of measurements to characterize a prototype system has been carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource and LCLS as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The ePix10k x-ray camera is under development at SLAC for use in hard x-ray experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). It is a lower-noise, higher-maximum-signal autoranging replacement for the Cornell-SLAC Pixel Array Detector in wide-dynamic-range applications. A series of measurements to characterize a prototype system has been carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource and LCLS. Results are presented here.
6 citations
01 Nov 2014
TL;DR: The first camera to be deployed is the ePix-One, a compact camera which is a 155 mm long box with a quadratic front face of 52×52 mm2 which will feature 4 ASICs, either the pix100 or pix10k, bump-bonded with a single sensor offering 35 × 38 mm2 active area as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: With the experience of the first years of operation of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC developed a 2nd generation camera system with improved features and performance. The first camera to be deployed is the ePix-One, a compact camera which is a 155 mm long box with a quadratic front face of 52×52 mm2 which will feature 4 ASICs, either the ePIX100 or the ePIX10k, bump-bonded with a single sensor offering 35 × 38 mm2 active area. Combined with the ePIX100 hybrid pixel module which features 50 µm pixels and is targeted for X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy and as a detector in wavelength dispersive spectrometer setups this will result in a 0.5Mpixel camera. Whereas the 100 µm pixels of ePIX10k, targeted towards protein crystallography, imaging and pump probe experiments, will provide a camera of 135kpixel. The camera uses simple Peltier/water cooling in combination with dry nitrogen purge against condensation. The compact housing and the simple interface (26pin cable & optical fiber) eases deployment and gives experimenters more flexibility in utilizing the camera where needed. The current ePix cameras support full frame readout faster than 120Hz and ROI modes which can be read at up to 1kHz rate. Next developments will target larger cameras and higher frame rates for the upcoming LCLS II.
5 citations
01 Nov 2014
TL;DR: Free Electron Lasers (FEL) as discussed by the authorsEL experiments are performed at LCLS using 120Hz pulses with 1012-1013 photons in 10 femtoseconds (billions of times brighter than the most powerful synchrotrons).
Abstract: Free Electron Lasers opened a new window on imaging the motion of atoms and molecules. At SLAC, FEL experiments are performed at LCLS using 120Hz pulses with 1012–1013 photons in 10 femtoseconds (billions of times brighter than the most powerful synchrotrons). This extreme detection environment raises unique challenges, from obvious to surprising.
2 citations
15 Dec 2014
2 citations
TL;DR: ePix100 as mentioned in this paper is the first variant of a novel class of integrating pixel ASICs optimized for the processing of signals in second generation LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-Ray cameras.
Abstract: ePix100 is the first variant of a novel class of integrating pixel ASICs architectures optimized for the processing of signals in second generation LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-Ray cameras. ePix100 is optimized for ultra-low noise application requiring high spatial resolution. ePix ASICs are based on a common platform composed of a random access analog matrix of pixel with global shutter, fast parallel column readout, and dedicated sigma-delta analog to digital converters per column. The ePix100 variant has 50μmx50μm pixels arranged in a 352x384 matrix, a resolution of 50e- r.m.s. and a signal range of 35fC (100 photons at 8keV). In its final version it will be able to sustain a frame rate of 1kHz. A first prototype has been fabricated and characterized and the measurement results are reported here.
1 citations