The original flavor of instant sea cucumber products can be retained and these products consequently show good market potential. In this study, the key processing technique for instant sea cucumber was optimized on the basis of single factor through Box-Behnken response surface test method by using collagen and polysaccharide contents and fuzzy mathematics sensory score as response values. Results showed that cooking time, cooking temperature, sterilization time and sterilization temperature significantly affected the overall quality and sensory quality of instant sea cucumber products. The optimum processing conditions were as follows: Cooking time, 17 min; cooking temperature, 83°C; sterilization time, 10 min; and sterilization temperature, 103°C. Under these conditions, the collagen content, polysaccharide concentration and sensory evaluation were 5.263±0.020%, 1.021±0.068% and 97.27±0.85, respectively and these findings were consistent with the predicted values. This study revealed that the nutrient components of instant sea cucumber are efficiently preserved and thus provided technical guarantee for the processing and production of instant sea cucumber.

Optimization of Key Technology for Instant Sea Cucumber Processing through Fuzzy Evaluation and Response Surface Methodology

Received: November 11, 2019 Revised: November 27, 2019 Accepted: November 27, 2019 For the economical construction of a tunnel by TBM, the selection of TBM optimized with the various project conditions is important, and also necessary to predict the performances of selected TBM in advance. This study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the EPB shield TBM screw conveyor by the discrete element method. The sticky particles were used for the excavated material models, and screw conveyor with 11 different inclined angles were simulated to evaluate the performance depending on the different inclined angles. The four different rotational speed conditions of the screw were used, and torque, required power, extra energy for muck discharge, and the muck discharge rate were selected as four performance indicators. As a result, the optimized inclined angle was selected, and selected angle accords with the fact that EPB shield TBM screw conveyor is generally installed and adjusted at the inclined angle between 20.0° and 30.0° in the field.

Evaluation of Screw Conveyor Model Performance depending on the Inclined Angle by Discrete Element Method

Simulation Analysis of Fish Descaling Based on Fluent Water Jet

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Geotechnical data analysis to select a feasible method for development of a long axis, large diameter vertical ventilation shaft

Fresh sea cucumbers are cooked in batches and need to wait a long time in traditional processing.In order to solve this problem,a continuous cooking method and corresponding equipment are studied,achieving fully continuous feeding and automatic conveying.A conveyor belt with vertical partitions is designed to transport sea cucumbers uniformly in boiling water,and therefore materials are evenly heated without mixing.An innovative scumming mechanism is also researched,in which compressed air flow blows the water surface through air vents and removes scum out of the cooking tank.The process and equipment integrate automatic cooking and temperature controlling technologies,and greatly reduce the labor intensity and improve the product quality.

Continuous cooking technology and equipment of fresh sea cucumber

Received: 21 June 2020 Accepted: 17 September 2020 During pipe jacking in unstable coal rock formation, it is difficult to ensure the stability of the workface and the structural safety of the equipment. To solve the problem, this paper establishes a numerical model for the rock-breaking and slag discharge of pipe jacking machine (PJM) with different tunneling parameters, and numerically analyzes the variations in the flow rate and speed of slags, and the stress and deformation of cutterhead, at different cutterhead speeds (1.0-4.0r/min) and jacking speeds (0.5-4.0mm/s). Based on the simulation results, the authors discussed how different tunneling parameters affect the tunneling safety. The simulation results highlight the importance of the matching between cutterhead speed and jacking speed to tunneling safety. As the jacking speed increased, the load of the cutterhead increased significantly, which may cause the cutter to wear. At the jacking speed of 4.0mm/s, the equivalent stress and deformation of cutterhead peaked at 397.43MPa, and 10.73mm, respectively. Excessive jacking speed may result in accidents, such as deformation and structural fracture of cutterhead, posing a serious threat to the structural safety of cutterhead. As the cutterhead speed increased from 1.0r/min to 4.0r/min, the mean axial speed of slags dropped by 68%, and the slag flow rate declined by 76%, due to the rapid discharge of slags from the cabin. In this case, the slag volume in the cabin cannot provide sufficient support to the workface rock, and the risk of collapse soars during the tunneling in unstable formation. In addition, an excessive cutterhead speed increased tunneling energy consumption and aggravated the wear of the cutterhead. The research results promote the setting of control parameters for the safe pipe jacking in unstable coal rock formation.

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Discrete- and Finite-Element Analysis on the Tunneling Safety of Pipe Jacking Machine in Coal Rock Formation

Aiming at the problem that the cleaning effect and surface integrity of the mechanical cleaning process cannot be solved simultaneously in the pretreatment of sea cucumber and according to the requirements of high efficiency, high quality and economy of sea cucumber body surface cleaning, a continuous directional cleaning device for sea cucumber abdomen and back based on the principle of water jet is designed. Through single factor experiment, the influence trend of jet parameters such as jet pressure, target distance and incidence angle on cleaning effect was analyzed. The cleaning parameters of sea cucumber are optimized by L9(34) orthogonal design. The experimental results show that the cleaning effect of sea cucumber is closely related to the impact of water jet. Enhancing the impact of water jet will not only help improve the cleanliness of sea cucumber, but also increase the risk of skin damage of sea cucumber. The influence order of water jet parameters on the cleaning effect of sea cucumber is as follows: Jet pressure > jet target distance > jet incidence angle. When the jet pressure is 3.0 MPa, the jet target distance is 200 mm and the jet incidence angle is 70°, the cleanliness and integrity scores are 8.0 and 8.2 respectively and the comprehensive cleaning effect of this scheme is optimal. This study provides the basis for the research and development of sea cucumber water jet cleaning device and process optimization.

Optimization Design of Sea Cucumber Cleaning Parameters by Water Jet

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product processing equipment, and particularly relates to a whip-type aquatic product surface substance removing device. The whip-type aquatic product surface substance removing device comprises a mechanical main body, a conveying device, a removing device, a water spraying device and a protecting device. The mechanical main body is used forfixing and supporting other components of the whip-type aquatic product surface substance removing device; the conveying device is used for fixing and conveying aquatic products to advance at a constant speed; the removing device is used for cleaning aquatic products; the water spraying device is used for keeping the surfaces of the aquatic products moist and washing off mucosa and other impurities in the aquatic product cleaning process; and the protecting device is used for ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment. According to the whip-type aquatic product surface substance removing device, the surface layer of an aquatic product is removed in a flexible whipping strip whipping mode, the removing device can be used for removing cuticles on the surface of sea cucumbers and fish scales of fishes, the application range is wide, and damage of flexible whipping strips to a product body is small.

Whip-type aquatic product surface substance removing device

The invention relates to a roller type fish grading apparatus. The roller type fish grading apparatus comprises a main body frame, a conveying device, a grading device, a receiving trolley and a driving device, wherein the main body frame is mainly used for supporting and fixing other devices; the conveying device is located at the front end of the whole apparatus and comprises a conveyor belt, belt wheels, a conveying belt and the like, and orderly-placed fishes are conveyed to the grading device through the conveyor belt; the grading device is arranged behind the conveying device; the grading device and the conveying device are connected through a conveyor belt; the grading device comprises grading rollers, transmission gears, idle wheels and the like; during work, the grading device enables fishes of different sizes to fall down from gaps between two corresponding rollers so as to realize grading; the receiving trolley is separated from the body of the apparatus and located below the grading device; and a receiving groove of the receiving trolley is sequentially divided into three parts according to the positions of roller shafts in the grading device and used for containing fishes of different grades. According to the invention, fishes are graded and automatically collected into the receiving trolley, and therefore, subsequent processing of the fishes can be facilitated.

Roller type fish grading device

The invention relates to the field of sea cucumber processing, in particular to a profiling multi-rolling-brush sea cucumber surface cleaning device. The device comprises a rack body, a spraying device, a counting device, a cleaning device and a conveying device, wherein the spraying device is used for keeping the surfaces of brushes and the sea cucumbers wet in the cleaning process; the countingdevice is used for counting and verifying the number of the cleaned sea cucumbers in the whole process, and equipment management is facilitated; the cleaning device is used for scrubbing mucosa impurities and cuticles on the surfaces of the sea cucumbers and cleaning the sea cucumbers; and the conveying device is used for continuously and automatically conveying the sea cucumbers and guaranteeingthat the sea cucumbers are conveyed to all cleaning brush sets in a lossless mode. According to the profiling multi-rolling-brush sea cucumber surface cleaning device, comprehensive and efficient brushing of the three directions such as upper portion and the side faces of a sea cucumber can be achieved, meanwhile, villi of the abdomen are guaranteed to be complete in condition, and the surface cortex of the sea cucumber is completely removed; in addition, the spraying device can well achieve cleaning of the sea cucumbers after the cuticular surfaces are removed.

Gao Fei

Papers

Discrete- and Finite-Element Analysis on the Tunneling Safety of Pipe Jacking Machine in Coal Rock Formation

Optimization Design of Sea Cucumber Cleaning Parameters by Water Jet

Whip-type aquatic product surface substance removing device

Roller type fish grading device

Profiling multi-rolling-brush sea cucumber surface cleaning device