scopic characters and 3) on combination of the two. Neither the morphological nor the microscopic characters alone resulted in an appreciable grouping of the genera. The microscopic characters, however, produced clusters that better approach the present subfamilial classifications. Combination of the two subsets of characters resulted in eight clusters representing the modern subfamilies Pooideae, Oryzoideae, Panicoideae, Eragrostoideae, Arundinoideae, Centostecoideae, Bambusoideae and a new potential subfamily (Nardoideae) that included Lygeum, Nardus and Diarrhena. The tribal constituents of these subfamilies are discussed in detail. It has been concluded that classification of grasses seems more natural at the level of the subfamily than tribe.

Systematics of gramineae a cluster analysis study

Cladistic parsimony analyses, based on morphological data, have been undertaken with the purpose of identifying major monophyletic groups and phylogenetic interrelationships within the Primulales. Actinidia (Actinidiaceae, Ericales) and three genera from two families of the Ebenales (Diospyros of the Ebenaceae and Manilkara and Monotheca of the Sapotaceae) were used as outgroups in the analyses. The results indicate that the Primulaceae, Theophrastaceae, and Myrsinaceae (excluding Maesa) represent three major monophyletic groups. The Myrsinaceae were found to be paraphyletic, with the majority of taxa forming a monophyletic group but with the genus Maesa constituting the sister group of the Primulaceae. It is proposed that Maesa should be raised to the rank of family to obtain strictly monophyletic groups in the Primulales. The genera Aegiceras and Coris, for which family affinities have been controversial, are well nested within the families Myrsinaceae and Primulaceae, respectively. Key words: Primulale...

Phylogenetic interrelationships in the order Primulales, with special emphasis on the family circumscriptions

Durio - A Bibliographic Review

Studies in Garcinia, dioecious tropical forest trees: the origin of the mangosteen (G. mangostana L.)

We performed maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses (nuclear ITS rDNA, plastid rps16 intron) to estimate phylogenetic relationships within Aglaia (over 100 species in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, and Australia) and its relations among Aglaieae (Meliaceae). Based on 67 accessions of Aglaieae, three taxa of Guareae, and two taxa of Melieae (outgroup), this study provides the first assessment of the current circumscription of Aglaieae, Aglaia, and its sections and to a more limited extent of species concepts in Aglaia. DNA data are compared to recently collected data on chemical profiles. Our analyses indicate (1) the monophyly of Aglaieae; (2) the polyphyly of Aphanamixis; (3) the paraphyly of Aglaia; (4) the existence of at least three entities with respect to Aglaia: (a) the core group of Aglaia section Amoora (dehiscent fruits) with close relationships to Lansium and Reinwardtiodendron, (b) a group comprising morphological intermediates between the two sections, and (c) the core group of Aglaia section Aglaia (indehiscent fruits). Macro- and micromolecular data indicate that complex species are more heterogeneous, i.e., probably containing more than one taxon each, than taxonomically isolated species. A third section in Aglaia is recognized to accommodate A. lawii, A. teysmanniana, and A. beccarii.

https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.3732/ajb.92.3.534

George King

Papers

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. No. 20