A photometric probe or a photometric cell having separate windows and a metallic probe body or cell body. The window(s) are sealed to the probe or cell body by brazed or frit seals which are less likely to leak after extended use in high temperature and/or high pressure industrial applications than probes and cells having gasket sealed windows. The windows can be made of sapphire, cubic zirconia, diamond, ruby, glass or quartz and, in the case of the probe, can be in the shape of an Attenuated Total Reflectance prism. The probe or cell body can be Kovar alloy or stainless steel.

Photometric cell and probe having windows fusion sealed to a metallic body

A window seal apparatus capable of transmitting infrared radiation for use under high temperature ultra-high vacuum conditions. The apparatus includes a window clamped between an annular rim of a clamp flange and an annular rim of a sealing flange. The rim of the sealing flange includes an annular sealing knob machined therein having an annular indentation in its upper surface. An annular lead gasket is located between the sealing knob and one side of the window. An annular lead gasket having roughened surfaces is positioned adjacent to the other side of the window and a TEFLON gasket is positioned adjacent to the annular rim of the clamp flange. A constant force means is provided for pushing the clamp flange toward the window and the sealing flange thereby producing a seal therebetween. The window is preferably formed from alkali halide material.

High temperature ultra-high vacuum infrared window seal

A radar-transparent window may be architecturally and structurally mounted within the walls of a building to optically conceal the space behind the window while freely allowing signal transmission between an interior radar antenna and remotely situated radar target. The window in its basic form includes inner and outer layers typically fabricated from a polyester resin/E-Glass laminate while a core layer is present which may be comprised of a rigid polyimide foam.

Radar transparent window for commercial buildings

Apparatus for attaching a catheter to a bag includes a pair of coupling rings (10, 20) for trapping a part of the bag wall between them. A cutter having a blade of circular or closed loop form makes a cut in the trapped wall and an elastomeric member for gripping a catheter is connectable to the cutter or to one of the rings. The catheter is inserted in the elastomeric member and through the rings, the member serving as a gaiter.

Method and apparatus for attaching a catheter to a bag such as a wound drainage bag

In electron gun arrangements particularly suitable for high power use such as in klystrons and IOTs, a grid support member 11 and cathode support member 17 are maintained spaced apart by a known distance d using non-conductive spacers such as cylindrical ceramic posts 16 distributed equidistantly around their circumference The ends of the ceramic posts 16 are located in slots 15, 20 in the support members and arranged such that as the temperature, and hence the dimensions, of the gun assembly changes the distance d remains substantially constant Hence, the spacing between the grid 6 and cathode 3 is maintained at substantially the predetermined required value The posts 16 also permit relative radial movement, allowing transverse alignment to be maintained

Electron gun arrangements.

The electron gun includes a spherically concave cathode emitter with a pair of axially spaced spherically concave focus and control grids closely spaced overlaying the cathode emitter for controlling the beam current. The grids are supported from a common thermally conductive tubular grid support structure via the intermediary of first and second annular members one of which is a thermally conductive insulator. One or more of the grids are serrated about their peripheries to define a plurality of radially directed fingers bonded to the end of a respective annular grid support member. In an alternative embodiment, the end of the annular grid support member, as bonded to the serrated grid, is castellated to accommodate differences in thermal expansion between the grid and the annular grid support member.

Gridded convergent flow electron gun for linear beam tubes

A gun for a linear-beam electron tube has a control grid (40) for modulating the beam current which consists of an array of conductive web elements (50, 52) whose spacing from each other is much larger than their spacing from the concave emissive surface (31) of the cathode (30). It was found that when this condition is met, the grid (40) can be operated at cathode potential while beam current is being drawn without distorting the electric accelerating field enough to ruin the focusing of the beam. Thus, when the grid (40) is used to pulse the beam current on and off, it can have zero bias in the "on" condition, whereby the pulse modulator can be greatly simplified.

Gerhard B Kuehne

Papers

Gridded convergent flow electron gun for linear beam tubes

Zero-bias gridded gun

Dielectric window structure

Hermetic seal structures and method of making the same

Hermetic seal structure