A method of mixing two or more dissimilar fluids such as gas and a liquid is provided. The method includes the steps of introducing one fluid into the other to form a mixture, inducing cavitation in the mixture to reduce at least one of the fluids to a large number of relatively small units, and distributing the small units uniformly throughout the mixture. In a preferred embodiment, the step of inducing cavitation comprises introducing the mixture into a chamber having a rotating disk formed with a plurality of irregularities such as bores. The irregularities on the rotating disk induce cavitation in the mixture. The cavitation also breaks down van der Waals attractions within the mixture to enhance mixing.

Highly efficient method of mixing dissimilar fluids using mechanically induced cavitation

A method of mixing two or more dissimilar fluids such a gas and a liquid is provided. The method includes the steps of introducing one fluid into the other to form a mixture, inducing cavitation in the mixture to reduce at least one of the fluids to a large number of relatively small units, and distributing the small units uniformly throughout the mixture. In a preferred embodiment, the step of inducing cavitation comprises introducing the mixture into a chamber having a rotating disk formed with a plurality of irregularities such as bores. The irregularities on the rotating disk induce cavitation in the mixture. The cavitation also breaks down van der Waals attractions within the mixture to enhance mixing.

Cavitation device with balanced hydrostatic pressure

A method and an apparatus for treating fluids are provided. The method generally includes cavitating and irradiating a liquid. The irradiation of the liquid may include exposing the liquid to ultraviolet radiation. The apparatus generally includes a housing having a chamber formed therein and defined, at least in part, by a chamber wall that transmits radiation therethrough. The apparatus also includes a cavitator in flow communication with the interior of the chamber and a radiator aligned to direct radiation into the interior of the chamber. Cavitation generated by the apparatus and/or provided in the method tends to refresh the liquid exposed to the radiationt, thereby increasing the rate of radiation exposure for the liquid.

Method and apparatus for irradiating fluids

In a method for treating sulphide-containing white liquor in a continuously operating electrolytic cell (1) having separate anode and cathode compart-ments (2 et 3, respectively) separated by a partially permeable barrier (6), white liquor is introduced into the anode compartment (2) of the cell (1), and an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide is intro-duced into the cathode compartment (3) of the cell (1), so that sulphide is oxidised in the anode compart-ment (2), while at the same time alkali metal cations are transported through the barrier (6) into the cathode compartment (3), where water reacts to form hydrox-ide ions. An electrolytic cell suited for implementing the method is also disclosed.

Production of polysulphide by electrolysis of white liquor containing sulphide

Methods of treating lignocellulosic pulp with cavitation are disclosed. The methods include delignifying a slurry comprising lignocellulos pulp in the presence of cavitation and bleaching a delignified pulp in the presence of cavitation. Delignification can be done by contacting a lignocellulosic pulp slurry with an oxidizing agent in a cavitation zone. Bleaching can be carried out by contacting a delignified pulp slurry with a bleaching agent in a cavitation zone.

Methods of processing lignocellulosic pulp with cavitation

Sodium sulfide or hydrosulfide is oxidized to produce sodium polysulfide and sodium hydroxide. Under appropriate conditions, the oxidation may be pursued further to convert all the sodium sulfide into sodium thiosulfate. The oxidation is carried out at or above atmospheric pressure in a mixed reactor or in a pipeline reactor, by sparging oxygen or air, in a mixture of white liquor and lime mud particles produced in the recausticizing plant of a kraft mill.

Gilles Dorris

Papers

Process of producing kraft pulping liquor by the oxidation of white liquor in the presence of lime mud