Die Erfindung betrifft Brennstoff-Briketts auf der Basis von Abfallstoffen und deren Verwendung. Der Brennkorper enthalt eine Brennstoffkomponente, eine Neutralisierungskomponente und eine Schadstoffkomponente. Jede dieser Komponenten ist ein uberall erhaltlicher Abfallstoff. Jeder Stoff ist entweder fest oder flussig, die Mischung soll jedoch nicht mehr als 40 G% Flussigkeit enthalten. Die Schadstoffkomponente ist eine Verbindung oder eine Mischung von Verbindungen, die oft Abfallentsorgungsprobleme verursachen. Die Schadstoffe konnen chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe wie zB polychloriertes Biphenyl enthalten, aber auch schwefelhaltige oder biologische Abfallstoffe sowie Schwermetalle sein, die bei der Verbrennung in einem geeigneten Industrieofen in stabile und nichtauslaugbare Verbindungen umgewandelt werden, wobei der Heizwert der Abfallstoffe zur Ganze ausgenutzt wird.

Process of pyrorecombination of mixtures containing waste material

In a pyrolysis process, catalytically active zeolites are added to plastics to form starting materials for high-grade plastics or other chemical materials, partic. in fluidised beds. When the fluidised bed process is used, the quartz sand used for fluidisation is pref. replaced by zeolites. Energy saving through operation of processes at lower temps..

Pyrolysis process for plastics operating at relatively low temps.

The invention relates to a process and apparatus for reducing harmful emissions, especially for preventing the discharge of fly dusts (FS) emitting heavy metal from an incineration plant. Such an incineration plant has a combustion chamber (1) which is fed with material (G, FG) to be incinerated, in particular special waste containing silicates. Silicate-containing slag (S) and flue gas (R) are emitted from the combustion chamber (1). It is provided that, in addition to the material (G, FG) to be incinerated, at least one binding matrix, in particular silicates (SST, FLS), and/or boron compounds are additionally introduced into the combustion chamber (1). This ensures that all the heavy metals fed in leave the combustion chamber (1) with the slag (S) in a form bound in a matrix. The flue gas (R) and hence the fly dust (FS) are then free of heavy metals.

Process and apparatus for reducing the harmful emissions by an incineration plant

The invention discloses an integrated biomass gas catalytic synthesis and purification device. The device is composed of a charging hopper, an ash storage room, a double-screw conveyor system, a biomass continuous pyrolyzing furnace, a display control touch screen, a two-section directional catalytic reforming reactor, a synthesis gas storage tank and an integrated gas purification device, wherein the two-section directional catalytic reforming reactor is composed of a two-section catalyst loading plate, a two-section heating furnace for controlling temperature respectively, a temperature sensing system and a pressure sensing system; the integrated gas purification device is composed of a dehydration unit, a decoking unit and a desulfurizer. The device adopts the touch screen for operation, parameters such as the pushing speed of biomass raw materials, the power of a heating pyrolyzing furnace, the reflux ratio of pyrolysis gas, and heating power, temperature, pressure and time of a two-section catalyst furnace can be dynamically displayed, and data recording is performed by a paperless recorder. The device is applied to biomass raw material continuous pyrolysis gasification and gas catalytic synthesis, has the functions of pyrolysis, secondary catalytic pyrolysis or catalytic synthesis and absorption and purification, and has the advantages of high continuity, integration and automation degrees.

Integrated biomass gas catalytic synthesis and purification device

The invention relates to a process for obtaining energy from organic-containing waste materials ( 1 ) For the purpose of storing a carbonaceous product and gaseous energy in a tank ( 10 ) and/or direct energy transfer to combined heat and power ( 11 ), the organic-containing waste materials ( 1 ) are subjected in precomminuted form to a measurement in order to ensure by possible addition of carbonaceous and/or siliceous material ( 3 ) that the ratio of carbonaceous to siliceous material is about 90 % to about 10 % in the waste materials that are to be further processed, wherein, in addition, the organic-containing waste materials ( 1 ) are further comminuted ( 2 ) and mixed ( 4 a ) with additional materials containing framework silica ( 3 ) with advanced comminution ( 4 b ) down to the μ range, thereafter compacting ( 6 a ) of the comminuted waste material mixture proceeds, heating ( 6 b ) of the mixture and separation ( 6 c ) of the same, whereupon the gaseous materials obtained in further course are fed to a tank ( 10 ) and/or to combined heat and power ( 11 ), while the solids obtained pass through a separation ( 12 ) of siliceous from carbonaceous materials and the carbonaceous materials obtained are stored as end product ( 13 )

Process for obtaining energy from organic-containing waste materials

To reduce the emission of pollutants in the thermal treatment (incineration, gasification, pyrolysis) of briquettes of organic products and waste products and to reduce the leachability of the residues, inorganic additives are added in the preparation of the briquettes With utilisation of exothermic heat of reaction and under pressure, chemical reactions are initiated and accelerated during the pressing step, so that chemical binding of pollutants takes place during pressing and during the pyrolysis and/or incineration to give sparingly soluble minerals, mixed oxides and natural or technical silicates

Immobilisation of pollutants in the preparation of briquettes from organic products or waste products such as, for example, domestic refuse, sewage sludge and industrial hazardous waste

For refining pyrolysis products into marketable products such as synthetic natural gas, gasoline, diesel and raw materials for the chemical industry, the pyrolysis of solid fuels and organic wastes is coupled with the catalytic reforming of the pyrolysate in one process step. Acidic mineral catalysts (for example aluminosilicates) are either directly mixed with the fuel or arranged spatially separately in the reaction space. Depending on the composition of the starting products and the desired end products, extraneous steam is fed for reforming.

Process for the catalytic reforming of pyrolysates from solid fuels and organic wastes

The production of aromatic hydrocarbons from pyrolysates of solid fuels and organic waste is carried out in a single-step process with the use of suitable acid and shape-selective catalysts. In this connection the catalyst may consist of one or more components (mixed catalyst) and be used at different places in the reaction chamber. Depending on the reaction conditions and selection of the catalyst and starting product, up to 70 % by weight of the total hydrocarbons formed are converted into aromatics of the C6-C10 range.

Guenter Prof Dr Schulz-Ekloff

Papers

Immobilisation of pollutants in the preparation of briquettes from organic products or waste products such as, for example, domestic refuse, sewage sludge and industrial hazardous waste

Process for the catalytic reforming of pyrolysates from solid fuels and organic wastes

Catalytic production of aromatic hydrocarbons from pyrolysates of solid fuels and organic waste