https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(08)61690-6.pdf

Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health

The author systematically examines one of the important issues of information — establishing the market price. He introduces the concept of «search» — where a buyer wanting to get a better price, is forced to question sellers. The article deals with various aspects of finding the necessary information.

Economics of Information

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(03)13861-5.pdf

Household catastrophic health expenditure: a multicountry analysis.

正しい方法がわかる臨床基本手技 : from the New England journal of medicine

Over the past decade interest in the economic evaluation of health care interventions has risen1 Reviews of published studies have, however, shown gaps in the quality of work2 3 4 5 As far back as 1974 Williams listed the essential elements of economic evaluations,6 and more recently Drummond and colleagues set out the methodological areas generally agreed among economists7 Guidelines for economic evaluations have been promulgated and reviewed by many bodies,8 9 10 11 12 13 14 but few medical journals have explicit guidelines for peer review of economic evaluations or consistently use economist reviewers for economic papers even though they are a major publication outlet for economic evaluations15 16 17 In January 1995 the BMJ set up a working party on economic evaluation to improve the quality of submitted and published economic articles

It was not our intention to be unduly prescriptive or stifle innovative methods; our emphasis is on improving the clarity of economic evaluations We also did not address those issues of conduct that have been emphasised in other guidelines13 14 15 16 17 18

The working party's objectives were to improve the quality of submitted and published economic evaluations by agreeing acceptable methods and their systematic application before, during, and after peer review Its task was to produce: (a) guidelines for economic evaluation, together with a comprehensive supporting statement which could be easily understood by both specialist and non-specialist readers; (b) a checklist for use by referees and authors; and (c) a checklist for use by editors

In producing the guidelines the working party has concentrated on full economic evaluations comparing two or more health care interventions and considering both costs and consequences19 Articles sent to the BMJ and other medical journals are often more broadly based “economic …

/pdf/guidelines-for-authors-and-peer-reviewers-of-economic-uz9mnnz1jd.pdf

Guidelines for authors and peer reviewers of economic submissions to the BMJ. The BMJ Economic Evaluation Working Party.

Varios paises de ingresos bajos y medianos estan interesados en que su actual seguro de salud, destinado especificamente a ciertos grupos, sea extendido con el fin de cubrir eventualmente a toda su poblacion. Es importante que esos paises entiendan cuales son los factores que inciden en la transicion de una cobertura incompleta a otra de caracter universal. Analizamos en el presente articulo la experiencia de ocho paises en lo concerniente a la instrumentacion del seguro social de salud, destacando la importancia del contexto socioeconomico y politico, particularmente en relacion con el nivel de ingresos, la estructura de la economia, la distribucion de la poblacion, la capacidad para administrar y el grado de solidaridad existente en el pais. Pero tambien subrayamos la gravitacion del papel de conductor que puede desempenar el gobierno para facilitar la transicion hacia la cobertura universal por la via del seguro social de salud.

El seguro social de salud: factores clave que inciden en la transición hacia la cobertura universal

At the end of the 1970s, China had a rural cooperative medical system (RCMS) in place in about 95 per cent of villages. This system relied upon collective financing. The economic reforms of the 1980s jeopardised the collective financing of rural health care, and hampered the access of the rural population to basic health care. In march 1994 the Chinese government initiated a project aimed at strengthening RCMS. This article gives an overview of the RCMS policy since 1950, it highlights the key features of the implementation of RCMS project in 14 countries, and it proposes adjustments for the future.

Re forming the Rural Co operative Medical System in China: A Summary of Initial Experience

Universal Coverage: A Global Consensus

Re-forming the Rural Co-operative Medical System in China: A Summary of Initial Experience

Resume

Cet article examine les processus, les resultats et les implications d'une evaluation de faisabilite financiere d'une assurance sociale maladie (ASM), dans le cadre de la recherche par le Lesotho des moyens d'atteindre une couverture universelle en matiere de soins de sante. Des donnees quantitatives fournies par les pouvoirs publics et d'autres sources, et des donnees qualitatives resultant de discussions avec les parties prenantes, ont ete entrees dans SimIns, un logiciel de simulation d'assurance maladie. Avec ce dernier, on a ensuite projete les recettes et les depenses de l'ASM pour une periode de onze ans. En principe, l'evaluation revele que, par le biais d'une combinaison de financement fiscal et de cotisations sociales, tous les citoyens du Lesotho pourraient etre couverts pour un ensemble de prestations sanitaires definies dans le cadre des hypotheses directrices determinees. Ce dispositif de financement fournirait une protection du risque financier et renforcerait l'equite dans l'acces et le financement de la sante.

Atteindre la couverture universelle au moyen de l'assurance sociale maladie au Lesotho: résultats et implications d'une évaluation de faisabilité financière

Guy Carrin

Papers

El seguro social de salud: factores clave que inciden en la transición hacia la cobertura universal

Re forming the Rural Co operative Medical System in China: A Summary of Initial Experience

Universal Coverage: A Global Consensus

Re-forming the Rural Co-operative Medical System in China: A Summary of Initial Experience

Atteindre la couverture universelle au moyen de l'assurance sociale maladie au Lesotho: résultats et implications d'une évaluation de faisabilité financière