https://research.ece.ncsu.edu/netwis/papers/13wl-comnet.pdf

Survey Cyber security in the Smart Grid: Survey and challenges

Book review: Applied cryptography: Protocols, algorithms, and source code in C

As broadband networks using Fiber-to-the-x (FTTx) technologies are being increasingly deployed in access networks, video service, especially VoD (Video-on-Demand), is becoming more attractive to deploy. To provide efficient VoD service, a cost-effective service model is very important and a lot of research has been conducted over the past decade. This paper reviews the existing literature on this topic, focusing on the user behavior in VoD services and bandwidth-saving multicast streaming schemes, which are the most important aspects of VoD service. First, we review the user behavior in VoD such as video popularity, daily access pattern, and interactive VCR (Videocassette Recorder) properties from recent data. Each video title's rental frequency, i.e., video popularity, follows the Zipf distribution, and this popularity can change with time or by service provider's recommendation of videos. This overall request frequency for each video constitutes a specific pattern throughout the day and has a similar pattern every day. Second, we review the bandwidth-saving streaming schemes such as broadcasting, batching, patching, and merging, which use multicast streaming technologies and user buffer memory. We review the mechanism of each multicast streaming technology and compare their differences. We also review the recent trends on multicast streaming technologies, which is summarized as hybrid architecture which combines several multicast streaming technologies to obtain better performance. Next, we review how these multicast streaming technologies implement interactive VCR functions. We classify the VCR interactivity into discontinuous and continuous VCR actions and examine the principles for VCR support in multicast streaming schemes: caching some video data for discontinuous VCR support and allocating contingency channels for continuous VCR support. We review mechanisms of VCR support for different multicast streaming schemes. Through this survey, we provide an in-depth understanding of VoD service deployment.

A Survey of User Behavior in VoD Service and Bandwidth-Saving Multicast Streaming Schemes

Multicasting is an efficient communication mechanism for group-oriented applications such as videoconferencing, broadcasting stock quotes, interactive group games, and video on demand. The lack of security obstructs a large deployment of this efficient communication model. This limitation motivated a host of research works that have addressed the many issues relating to securing the multicast, such as confidentiality, authentication, non-repudiation, integrity, and access control. Many applications, such as broadcasting stock quotes and video-conferencing, require data origin authentication of the received traffic. Hence, data origin authentication is an important component in the multicast security architecture. Multicast data origin authentication must take into consideration the scalability and the efficiency of the underlying cryptographic schemes and mechanisms, because multicast groups can be very large and the exchanged data is likely to be heavy in volume (streaming). Besides, multicast data origin authentication must be robust enough against packet loss because most multicast multimedia applications do not use reliable packet delivery. Therefore, multicast data origin authentication is subject to many concurrent and competitive challenges, when considering these miscellaneous application-level requirements and features. In this article we review and classify recent works dealing with the data origin authentication problem in group communication, and we discuss and compare them with respect to some relevant performance criteria.

A taxonomy of multicast data origin authentication: Issues and solutions

Specific applications like military or public emergency ones require secure group communication in ad hoc environments. The most suitable solution to provide the expected level of security to these services is the provision of a key management protocol. This paper shows the specific challenges towards key management protocols for securing multicast communications in ad hoc networks, and provides a taxonomy of these protocols in MANETs. A new approach, called BALADE, is also presented. It is based on a sequential multi-sources model, and takes into account both localization and mobility of nodes, while optimizing energy and bandwidth consumptions.

/pdf/group-key-management-in-manets-23d2vk5j07.pdf

Group Key Management in MANETs

This article outlines the challenges of IP multicast over Mobile IP Then it provides a comprehensive overview of existing multicast solutions to handle mobile sources and receivers in both the Mobile IPv4 and the Mobile IPv6 environments The solutions are classified into different classes in light of how the network infrastructure is used and the nature of the multicast members (receivers or sources) For each solution, we present a brief overview; we describe the architecture and the proposed protocol; we discuss the advantages and the limitations; and we compare qualitatively all the solutions of each class based on common criteria such as optimal routing, join latency, handover transparency, etc

IP mobile multicast: Challenges and solutions

IP multicast is increasingly used as an efficient communication mechanism for group-oriented applications on the Internet. This success urged the development of security mechanisms for that communication model. A common drawback of the proposed solutions is that they do not take into consideration the dynamicity of group members. This leads to inefficient solutions for real multicast sessions. In this paper, we first classify proposed protocols for secure multicast and point out their non-suitability for dynamic groups. We then propose an efficient protocol, called AKMP, which maintains good performance by adapting the key management process to the membership frequency during the multicast session. Simulation results show that our protocol is more efficient than existing protocols.

AKMP: an adaptive key management protocol for secure multicast

Even though hierarchical group communication is a prominent communication model for a variety of applications, featured by hierarchical communication rules, it has not been sufficiently investigated in the security literature. In this paper, we introduce private hierarchical group communication and we determine its specific confidentiality requirements, and then we propose an efficient key management protocol satisfying those requirements. This work is done in the frame of a national french project whose consortium includes the international telecom company EADS, INRIA, CNRS and ENST-Paris. The project is called Safe- Cast and deals with group communication in PMR networks that are used mainly by security corps (police, fire fighters, soldiers, and so forth) in areas where it is difficult to have network infrastructures, such as war battles or following a natural disaster (earthquake, tsunami, tornado, or similar).

An Efficient Key Management Algorithm for Hierarchical Group Communication

Many group-oriented applications require authenticating the source of the received traffic, such as broadcasting stock quotes and video-conferencing and hence source authentication is an important component in the whole multicast security architecture. Multicast source authentication must take into consideration the scalability and the efficiency of the underlying cryptographic schemes and mechanisms, because multicast groups can be very large and the exchanged data is likely to be important in volume (streaming). Besides, multicast source authentication must be robust enough against packet loss because most of multicast multimedia applications do not use reliable packet delivery. We propose a new adaptive and efficient source authentication protocol which tolerates packet loss and guarantees nonrepudiation for multicast flows. We have simulated our protocol using NS-2, and the simulation results show that the protocol has remarkable features and efficiency compared to other recent source authentication protocols.

https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/12OmNA0vnTk/pdf

H. Bettahar

Papers

IP mobile multicast: Challenges and solutions

A taxonomy of multicast data origin authentication: Issues and solutions

AKMP: an adaptive key management protocol for secure multicast

An Efficient Key Management Algorithm for Hierarchical Group Communication

A/sup 2/cast: an adaptive source authentication protocol for multicast streams