This report provides results from the second year of this three-year project to develop dilution measurement technology for characterizing PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 micrometers) and precursor emissions from stationary combustion sources used in oil, gas and power generation operation. Detailed emission rate and chemical speciation tests results for a gas turbine, a process heater, and a commercial oil/gas fired boiler are presented. Tests were performed using a research dilution sampling apparatus and traditional EPA methods. A series of pilot tests were conducted to identify the constraints to reduce the size of current research dilution sampler for future stack emission tests. Based on the test results, a bench prototype compact dilution sampler developed and characterized in GE EER in August 2002.

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Development of fine particulate emission factors and speciation profiles for oil- and gas-fired combustion systems

THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCARBONS IN ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION FROM STATIONS SURROUNDING LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY David Benjamin Webber Old Dominion University, 1982 Director: Dr. Terry L. Wade Hydrocarbon concentrations were determined in bulk, wet, and dry deposition samples from urban and non-urban locations surrounding lower Chesapeake Bay. Mean hydro­ carbon concentrations in bulk deposition samples were over three times greater at the urban station indicating a localized source. The major hydrocarbons present were n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and the unresolved complex mixture (UCM). The PAH and the UCM were an indication of significant anthropogenic inputs while the odd/even distribution of the n-alkanes was an indication of biogenic sources. These findings indicated seasonal trends of highest biogenic hydrocarbon inputs in the spring and summer months and highest anthropogenic inputs in the winter months. The similarity of the hydrocarbons in bulk and dry deposition, the small concentration of hydrocarbons in wet deposition, the large percentage of hydrocarbons associated with particulates, the small washout ratio Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. and the larger size particulates in bulk deposition samples all indicated that dry deposition is the major mechanism for the removal of non-volatile/ high molecular weight atmospheric hydrocarbons. The atmospheric input of anthropogenic hydrocarbons to Chesapeake Bay through atmospheric deposition was determined to be at least 125 metric tons annually. Therefore, aerial input may be a significant source of hydrocarbon pollution to the Bay. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

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The Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Hydrocarbons in Atmospheric Deposition From Stations Surrounding Lower Chesapeake Bay

Include an abstract of 200 words or less. Give a factual account of the contents and conclusions of the paper. Indicate any new information presented and its relevance to the topic. Use complete sentences and do not use jargon. Use only common abbreviations as listed in Table 1. Include a list of three to five key words.

/pdf/1998-conference-on-hazardous-waste-research-author-s-style-3pg4s36e1j.pdf

1998 Conference on Hazardous Waste Research Author's Style Guide

Publisher Summary It has been observed that carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are present in the atmosphere. Combustion processes are considered the most important sources for PAH. Among these, the burning of coal produces the highest emission, but in cities with high traffic density and low meteorological exchange activities, vehicle emissions determine the immission situation, especially in narrow streets. For estimating the potential health effects caused by PAH, it is sufficient to characterize the emission of PAH with respect to their physical state, concentrations, and, as far as the particulate phase is concerned, size distribution. The size distribution is important for transport phenomena, inhalation, and deposition in the respiratory tract. These parameters mainly depend on the combustion system, on system operating conditions, on the exhaust system, and on exhaust cooling conditions. At exhaust-gas temperatures in the range of ambient air temperatures, almost the whole emission of PAH is made up of particulate matter.

H. Franzen

Papers

Particle Size Distribution of Combustion Aerosols

Characterization of particle emission of a spark ignition engine