Study Type – Symptom prevalence (prospective cohort)

Level of Evidence 1b

What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?

Few prevalence studies used current ICS LUTS symptom definitions and to our knowledge no studies exist that estimate total worldwide prevalence of reported LUTS symptoms One of the primary goals of this analysis was to estimate current and future worldwide prevalence of LUTS among adults Our estimation model suggests that LUTS are highly prevalent worldwide, with an increasing burden predicted over time

OBJECTIVE
• To estimate and predict worldwide and regional prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), overactive bladder (OAB), urinary incontinence (UI) and LUTS suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction (LUTS/BOO) in 2008, 2013 and 2018 based on current International Continence Society symptom definitions in adults aged ≥20 years

PATIENTS AND METHODS
• Numbers and prevalence of individuals affected by each condition were calculated with an estimation model using gender- and age-stratified prevalence data from the EPIC study along with gender- and age-stratified worldwide and regional population estimates from the US Census Bureau International Data Base

RESULTS
• An estimated 452%, 107%, 82% and 215% of the 2008 worldwide population (43 billion) was affected by at least one LUTS, OAB, UI and LUTS/BOO, respectively By 2018, an estimated 23 billion individuals will be affected by at least one LUTS (184% increase), 546 million by OAB (201%), 423 million by UI (216%) and 11 billion by LUTS/BOO (185%)

• The regional burden of these conditions is estimated to be greatest in Asia, with numbers of affected individuals expected to increase most in the developing regions of Africa (301–311% increase across conditions, 2008–2018), South America (205–247%) and Asia (197–244%)

CONCLUSIONS
• This model suggests that LUTS, OAB, UI and LUTS/BOO are highly prevalent conditions worldwide Numbers of affected individuals are projected to increase with time, with the greatest increase in burden anticipated in developing regions

• There are important worldwide public-health and clinical management implications to be considered over the next decade to effectively prevent and manage these conditions

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09993.x

Worldwide prevalence estimates of lower urinary tract symptoms, overactive bladder, urinary incontinence and bladder outlet obstruction

Urinary incontinence in women: variation in prevalence estimates and risk factors.

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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10498.x

Worldwide prevalence estimates of lower urinary tract symptoms, overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, and bladder outlet obstruction.

Introduction and hypothesis
Information on the prevalence, risk factors and social consequences of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) affecting women in 16 low-income and lower middle-income countries is reviewed.

Pelvic organ prolapse and incontinence in developing countries: review of prevalence and risk factors.

Most epidemiologic studies of urine leakage in the United States report on women and White populations. In this study, the authors determined the prevalence of urine leakage across genders and racial/ethnic groups in a population-based sample of 5,506 adults aged 30-79 years and identified factors related to leakage within genders and racial/ethnic groups. The prevalence of weekly urine leakage was 8% overall, 10.4% in women, and 5.3% in men. White women (11.7%) were more likely than Black (9.4%) and Hispanic (7.3%) women to report weekly leakage and to report stress-type (35.4% vs. 9.4% and 14.5%, respectively) and urge-type (13.4% vs. 3.3% and 10.8%, respectively) leakage. Rates and leakage types for men did not vary by race/ethnicity. For women, central obesity, asthma, and arthritis increased the odds of weekly leakage. For men, the odds of leakage increased for Blacks and Whites at ages 50 and 60 years, respectively, and for Hispanics of higher social class. For both genders, various comorbid conditions, including heart disease, asthma, and depression, increased the odds of leakage in varying racial/ethnic groups. The authors conclude that types of and risk factors for urine leakage vary by gender and racial/ethnic group.

/pdf/prevalence-of-and-risk-factors-for-urine-leakage-in-a-ptt6ldc0so.pdf

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Urine Leakage in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of Adults: The Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey

https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1016/S0020-7292%2803%2900220-0

H.P. Drutz

Papers

Urinary incontinence as a worldwide problem

New approaches in the pharmacological treatment of stress urinary incontinence.