A review of the artificial intelligence methods in groundwater level modeling

Artificial intelligence for sustainability: Challenges, opportunities, and a research agenda

Application of artificial intelligence to wastewater treatment: A bibliometric analysis and systematic review of technology, economy, management, and wastewater reuse

Simulation and forecasting of streamflows using machine learning models coupled with base flow separation.

Water quality prediction plays an important role in environmental monitoring, ecosystem sustainability, and aquaculture. Traditional prediction methods cannot capture the nonlinear and non-stationarity of water quality well. In recent years, the rapid development of artificial neural networks (ANNs) has made them a hotspot in water quality prediction. We have conducted extensive investigation and analysis on ANN-based water quality prediction from three aspects, namely feedforward, recurrent, and hybrid architectures. Based on 151 papers published from 2008 to 2019, 23 types of water quality variables were highlighted. The variables were primarily collected by the sensor, followed by specialist experimental equipment, such as a UV-visible photometer, as there is no mature sensor for measurement at present. Five different output strategies, namely Univariate-Input-Itself-Output, Univariate-Input-Other-Output, Multivariate-Input-Other(multi), Multivariate-Input-Itself-Other-Output, and Multivariate-Input-Itself-Other (multi)-Output, are summarized. From results of the review, it can be concluded that the ANN models are capable of dealing with different modeling problems in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), groundwater, ponds, and streams. The results of many of the review articles are useful to researchers in prediction and similar fields. Several new architectures presented in the study, such as recurrent and hybrid structures, are able to improve the modeling quality of future development.

A Review of the Artificial Neural Network Models for Water Quality Prediction

Simulation of groundwater level (GWL) fluctuations is an important task in management of groundwater resources. In this study, the effect of wavelet analysis on the training of the artificial neural network (ANN), multi linear regression (MLR) and support vector regression (SVR) approaches was investigated, and the ANN, MLR and SVR along with the wavelet-ANN (WNN), wavelet-MLR (WLR) and wavelet-SVR (WSVR) models were compared in simulating one-month-ahead of GWL. The only variable used to develop the models was the monthly GWL data recorded over a period of 11 years from two wells in the Qom plain, Iran. The results showed that decomposing GWL time series into several sub-time series, extremely improved the training of the models. For both wells 1 and 2, the Meyer and Db5 wavelets produced better results compared to the other wavelets; which indicated wavelet types had similar behavior in similar case studies. The optimal number of delays was 6 months, which seems to be due to natural phenomena. The best WNN model, using Meyer mother wavelet with two decomposition levels, simulated one-month-ahead with RMSE values being equal to 0.069 m and 0.154 m for wells 1 and 2, respectively. The RMSE values for the WLR model were 0.058 m and 0.111 m, and for WSVR model were 0.136 m and 0.060 m for wells 1 and 2, respectively.

Simulation of groundwater level variations using wavelet combined with neural network, linear regression and support vector machine

Reliable and precise prediction of the rivers flow is a major concern in hydrologic and water resources analysis. In this study, multi-linear regression (MLR) as a statistical method, artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as non-linear ones and K-nearest neighbors (KNN) as a non-parametric regression method are applied to predict the monthly flow in the St. Clair River between the US and Canada. In the developed methods, six scenarios for input combinations are defined in order to study the effect of different input data on the outcomes. Performances of the models are evaluated using statistical indices as the performance criteria. Results obtained show that adding lag times of flow, temperature and precipitation to the inputs improve the accuracy of the predictions significantly. For a further investigation, the aforementioned models are coupled with wavelet transform. Using the wavelet transform improves the values of Nash-Sutcliff coefficient to 0.907, 0.930, 0.923, and 0.847 from 0.340, 0.404, 0.376 and 0.419 respectively, by coupling it with MLR, ANN, ANFIS, and KNN models.

Hadi Ebrahimi

Papers

A review of the artificial intelligence methods in groundwater level modeling

Simulation of groundwater level variations using wavelet combined with neural network, linear regression and support vector machine

A Comparative Study of MLR, KNN, ANN and ANFIS Models with Wavelet Transform in Monthly Stream Flow Prediction