Determination of drugs in biological matrices is required in different contexts, including development of new drug products, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies, toxicological analysis and therapeutic drug monitoring. The presence of endogenous compounds and the analytes low concentration make biological matrices complex to be analyzed. Therefore, sample preparation is an important step. In this context, new extraction techniques have been proposed in recent years. An innovative approach is magnetic solid phase extraction, a new type of solid phase extraction based on magnetic sorbents. This technique has been increasingly studied for determination of drugs in biological matrices due to several advantages over conventional techniques and the development of new materials. Owing to the potential of this approach, the literature was reviewed in order to evaluate the development and application of this technique comprising the period from 2009 to September 2016. Critical evaluation and trends regarding magnetic solid phase extraction were presented.

Magnetic solid phase extraction for determination of drugs in biological matrices

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) based magnetic composites have great exploration and application potentials in magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) technology due to their unique structures and extraordinary physic-chemical properties, which have attracted continued attentions from different analytical fields. In the review, magnetic CNTs composites based MSPE procedures are introduced, and the modification strategies for magnetic pure CNTs based on functional groups, reagents and materials are detailedly discussed. In addition, the applications of CNTs based magnetic composites in inorganic and organic analysis (drug and pesticide residues, chemical industry pollutants, foods, and biochemical analytes) are respectively presented. Finally, the research prospects and directions of CNTs based magnetic composites in MSPE are further identified.

Recent advances and applications of carbon nanotubes based composites in magnetic solid-phase extraction

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a type of tailor-made materials that have ability to selectively recognize the target compound/s. MIPs have gained significant research interest in solid-phase extraction, catalysis, and sensor applications due to their unique properties such as low cost, robustness, and high selectivity. In addition, MIPs can be prepared as composite nanomaterials using nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), nanorods, quantum dots (QDs), graphene, and clays. This review paper aims to demonstrate and highlight the recent progress of the applications of imprinted nanocomposite materials in analytical chemistry.

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Recent Progress of Imprinted Nanomaterials in Analytical Chemistry.

Development of a novel flexible polymer-based biosensor platform for the thermal detection of noradrenaline in aqueous solutions

Ultra sensitive measurement of endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in human plasma by semi-automated SPE-LC–MS/MS

Fast determination of catecholamines in human plasma using carboxyl-functionalized magnetic-carbon nanotube molecularly imprinted polymer followed by liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry

Enhanced cleanup efficiency hydroxy functionalized-magnetic graphene oxide and its comparison with magnetic carboxyl-graphene for PRiME pass-through cleanup of strychnine and brucine in human plasma samples.

Hai-Wen Qiu

Papers

Fast determination of catecholamines in human plasma using carboxyl-functionalized magnetic-carbon nanotube molecularly imprinted polymer followed by liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry

Enhanced cleanup efficiency hydroxy functionalized-magnetic graphene oxide and its comparison with magnetic carboxyl-graphene for PRiME pass-through cleanup of strychnine and brucine in human plasma samples.