Established in 2006, TATA Africa Services (Nigeria) Limited operates as the nodal point for Tata businesses in West Africa. TATA Africa Services (Nigeria) Limited has a strong presence in Nigeria with investments exceeding USD 10 million. The company was established in Lagos, Nigeria as a subsidiary of TATA Africa Holdings (SA) (Pty) Limited, South Africa and serves as the hub of Tata’s operations in Nigeria and the rest of West Africa.

What About Us

What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

Study in administration

Narrative Policy Analysis: Theory and Practice. By Roe Emery. Durham: Duke University Press, 1994. 199p. $39.95 cloth, $15.95 paper.

This classic text, originally published in 1948, is a study of the public administration movement from the viewpoint of political theory and the history of ideas. It seeks to review and analyze the theoretical element in administrative writings and to present the development of the public administration movement as a chapter in the history of American political thought. The objectives of \"The Administrative State\" are to assist students of administration to view their subject in historical perspective and to appraise the theoretical content of their literature. It is also hoped that this book may assist students of American culture by illuminating an important development of the first half of the twentieth century. It thus should serve political scientists whose interests lie in the field of public administration or in the study of bureaucracy as a political issue; the public administrator interested in the philosophic background of his service; and the historian who seeks an understanding of major governmental developments. This study, now with a new introduction by public policy and administration scholar Hugh Miller, is based upon the various books, articles, pamphlets, reports, and records that make up the literature of public administration, and documents the political response to the modern world that Graham Wallas named the Great Society. It will be of lasting interest to students of political science, government, and American history. Dwight Waldo (1913-2000) taught at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Syracuse. He was the author or editor of several books, including \"Ideas and Issues in Public Administration\" and \"The Study of Public Administration\", and for eleven years served as editor-in chief of Public Administration Review.

The Administrative State: A Study of the Political Theory of American Public Administration

Normative Orders in the Coast Guard Response to Melting Arctic Ice: Institutional Logics or Anchoring Concepts

This paper emphasizes the applications of the Expert System in Agro-informatics and reveals their importance as one of the very useful tools for the transfer of domain specific knowledge to the end users. Agro-informatics is the interdisciplinary branch of study which deals with the application and development of electronics, computer and ICT based tools for agricultural applications. The profession of agriculture aided by the various ICT based tools opens new avenue for applied research. Expert system (ES) is one of the advanced developments in software technology and can play key role in the agro-informatics. An Expert System is a program that employs expert knowledge coded in a AI language in a computer to solve problems that require human expertise. It came as the first commercial product of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the software market place and proved it efficacy by solving many problems at par with the human expert. The Expert System in agriculture is based on agriculture related problem solving models; including Diagnostics model, Hypothesis proving model, Prediction model and Farm Management model. It uses the domain specific knowledge of the experts in different representational forms such as production rules, list, frames etc. An integrated approach of Expert System with other ICT tools and electronics systems has tremendous potential to supports many problem solving activities i.e. decision making, forecasting, regulating, controlling, monitoring, prescribing, interpreting, knowledge sharing and reuse, intelligent retrieval of agricultural data. The aim of the paper is to produce detail account of applications of expert system in agriculture in Indian perspective.

Haider A. Haider

Papers

Normative Orders in the Coast Guard Response to Melting Arctic Ice: Institutional Logics or Anchoring Concepts

Applications of Expert System in Agro-Informatics