The present invention relates to water-soluble, acid-groups-containing graft copolymers which are at least partially biodegradable and are based on sugars and monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and/or phosphonic acids or the salts of said acids as well as optional further monomers. The present invention further relates to a process for producing the graft copolymers at temperatures of up to 200° C. by means of radical polymerization initiators, in that a total mixture of 5-60%-wt. mono-, di- and oligosaccharides, the derivatives thereof or the mixtures thereof, and 95-40%-wt. of a monomer mixture comprising at least one monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, at least one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid, one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfuric acid ester and/or vinylphosphonic acid or the salts of said acids with monovalent cations, as well as optional further monomers is polymerized. The present invention further relates to the use of the graft copolymers in aqueous systems, for binding multivalent metal ions, inhibiting the water hardness, as additive in detergents and cleaning agents, as textile auxiliary, dispersing agent, in particular for pigments, and as auxiliary agent in the production of paper and leather.

Graft copolymers of unsaturated monomers and sugars, a process for the production and the use thereof

An improvement is described in microemulsion compositions which contain an anionic detergent, a nonionic surfactant, a grease release agent, a hydrocarbon ingredient, and water which comprises the use of a water-insoluble odoriferous perfume as the essential hydrocarbon ingredient in a proportion sufficient to form either a dilute o/w microemulsion composition containing, by weight, 1 % to 20 % of an anionic detergent, 6 to 50 % of a cosurfactant, 0.1 % to 10 % of a grease release agent, 0.4 % to 10 % of perfume and the balance being water as well as all purpose hard surface cleaning composition or light duty liquid detergent compositions which contain a grease release agent.

Liquid cleaning compositions

A process for producing a highly water-absorbing polymer, which comprises treating a water-absorbing polymer containing a carboxyl group and/or a carboxylate group with a silane coupling agent in the presence of water.

Process for producing highly water absorptive polymer

The instant invention relates to the use of water-soluble polymers comprising structural elements of formula (I) wherein each R is independently H or C1-5-alkyl; X is H, an alkaline or earth alkaline metal or a quaternary ammonium group; R1 is H or C1-18-alkyl; and R2 is C1-18-alkyl; and wherein the alkyl groups represented by R1 and R2 may carry a hydroxy or amino substituent; and, if desired, a minor proportion of structural elements of formula (II) wherein R, R1, R2 and X may have the meaning as above, and Alk is a C1-C5-alkylene chain, as additives for inhibiting the formation of gas hydrates in connection with hydrocarbon production and transportation.

Additives for inhibiting gas hydrate formation

Film or fibre is made from a polymer of water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomeric material that includes ionic monomer by extrusion and stretching, and a counterionic lubricant compound is absorbed into the surface of the fibre or film before or during the stretching. The counterionic lubricant compound is also of use for providing a lubricated film on other extruded or comminuted elements of water swellable or water soluble polymeric material.

Absorbent products and their manufacture

Graft copolymers obtainable by free radical-initiated copolymerization of (A) a monomer mixture comprising (a) a monoethylenically unsaturated C 4 - to C 8 -dicarboxylic acid, or an anhydride, alkali metal salt or ammonium salt thereof, (b) a monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 - to C 10 -carboxylic acid, or an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt thereof, (c) if desired another monoethylenically unsaturated monomer which can be copolymerized with monomer (a) and (b), and (d) a monomer containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule, in the presence of (B) a monosaccharide, oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, oxidatively, hydrolytically or enzymatically degraded polysaccharide, oxidized, hydrolytically or enzymatically degraded polysaccharide, or chemically modified monosaccharide, oligosaccharide or polysaccharide, in the weight ratio (A):(B) of (95 to 20):(5 to 80), a process for the preparation of the graft copolymers, and detergents and cleaners containing the graft copolymers in amounts of from 01 to 20% by weight, are described

Graft copolymers of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and modified polysaccharides, the preparation thereof, and their use

A process for the preparation of homopolymers and copolymers of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having K values of from 7 to 50 by the free radical-initiated polymerisation of (a) monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, (b) hydroxy-C2- to C4-alkyl (meth)acrylates and optionally (c) other water-soluble, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, at a degree of neutralisation of the monomers containing acid groups during the polymerisation of from 52 to 70% The process gives polymers having residual contents of unpolymerised dicarboxylic acid of at most 15% by weight The polymers are used as additives for laundry and dishwashing detergents in amounts of from 01 to 15% by weight

Process for preparing homo- and copolymers of monoethyleically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and their use

Petroleum middle distillates having improved cold-flow characteristics contain small quantities of A) conventional ethylene-based flow improvers and B) copolymers consisting of 10 to 95 mol% of one or more alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates having C1- to C26-alkyl chains and of 5 to 90 mol% of one or more ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, the copolymer having been largely reacted with one or more primary or secondary amines to give the monoamide or amide/ammonium salt of the dicarboxylic acid, and the A/B weight ratio being 40 : 60 to 95 : 5.

Petroleum middle distillate with improved cold flow characteristics

Copolymers which contain, as copolymerized monomer units, monoethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids are prepared by a process in which (a) from 10 to 60% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid of 4 to 6 carbon atoms, its salt and/or, if appropriate, its anhydride, (b) from 90 to 40% by weight of a monothylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid of 3 to 10 carbon atoms and/or its salt and (c) from 0 to 20% by weight of another, carboxyl-free monoethylenically unsaturated monomer which is copolymerizable with (a) and (b), the percentages being based on the sum of the monomers, are polymerized in the presence of from 0.5 to 5% by weight of a water-soluble free-radical-forming initiator in an aqueous medium at from 60° to 150° C., and, if appropriate, their anhydride groups are hydrolyzed, the monomers (a) and (b) being employed in a form such that from 20 to 80% of their amount is neutralized during the polymerization reaction, wherein the copolymerization is carried out continuously in a reactor cascade comprising several reactors, and an aqueous solution of a pre-prepared copolymer of (a), (b) and, if appropriate, (c) is initially introduced into all the reactors and heated to the required reaction temperature, the total amount of unneutralized or partially neutralized (a), not less than 40% by weight of unneutralized or partially neutralized (b), where relevant, all or some of (c), and some or all of the amount of initiator required for polymerization, with or without the amount of neutralizing agent required for the neutralization according to the definition, are metered into the first reactor, the remaining amount of unneutralized or neutralized (b) and, where relevant, (c), and any remaining amount of initiator and neutralizing agent which may be required are introduced into the second reactor or are distributed over the second reactor and the downstream reactors, and the reactants are allowed to react together during a residence time of from 0.5 to 8 hours. The above copolymers can be used as incrustation inhibitors or for scaling inhibition.

Preparation of copolymers of monoethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids and anhydrides

Polymers of ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing at least one covalently bonded N atom in the molecule, polymerised in the presence of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides or derivatives thereof, obtainable by free-radical-initiated copolymerisation of (A) monomers or monomer mixtures from the group consisting of (a) N-vinylimidazoles which are substituted on the heterocyclic ring by up to three C1- to C12-alkyl radicals and can be present in N-quaternary form or in salt form, (b) five- to eight-membered N-vinyllactams which can be substituted on the ring by up to three C1- to C12-alkyl radicals, (c) dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates or methacrylates which have a total of up to 30 C atoms in the dialkylaminoalkyl radical and can be present in N-quaternary form or in salt form, (d) N-(dialkylaminoalkyl)acrylamide or N-(dialkylaminoalkyl)methacrylamide which has a total of up to 30 C atoms in the dialkylaminoalkyl radical and can be present in N-quaternary form or in salt form, and (e) diallyl-C1- to C12-alkylamines or salts thereof or diallyldi(C1- to C12-alkyl) ammonium compounds, where as further comonomers to (A) additionally (f) monoethylenically unsaturated C3- to C10-carboxylic acids and alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or ammonium salts thereof, (g) monoethylenically unsaturated C3- to C10-carboxylic acid esters and (h) small amounts of compounds containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule can be present, in the presence of (B) monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, thermally or mechanically treated, oxidatively, hydrolytically or enzymatically degraded polysaccharides, oxidised, hydrolytically or enzymatically degraded polysaccharides, chemically modified mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides or mixtures of the aforementioned compounds (B) in the ratio by weight (A):(B) of (95 to 20):(5 to 80) The polymers are suitable for use as film-forming conditioners in cosmetic preparations and as stabilisers for perfumes and perfume oils

Hans-Juergen Raubenheimer

Papers

Graft copolymers of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and modified polysaccharides, the preparation thereof, and their use

Process for preparing homo- and copolymers of monoethyleically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and their use

Petroleum middle distillate with improved cold flow characteristics

Preparation of copolymers of monoethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids and anhydrides

Polymers from N-containing monomers polymerised in the presence of monosaccharids, oligosaccharids or polysaccharids and derivatives