This work was supported by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate, Cyber Security Division (DHSS and T/CSD) Broad Agency Announcement 11.02, the Government of Australia and SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific (N66001-13-C-0131 to A.H.); and the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, US Department of Justice (2010-IJ-CX-1676, 2010, to T. H.). The opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect those of the aforementioned agencies.

A Crime Script Analysis of the Online Stolen Data Market

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to analyze and explain why cargo theft continues to occur in the transport network despite all implemented countermeasures.Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on a logical deductive hypothesis using theories from several scientific fields. This hypothesis is then tested empirically. Credibility is substantiated with the use of several independent official statistical sources and verified with both open‐ended qualitative interviews and a quantitative, comparative, geographically controlled survey.Findings – Theft risk arises from different theft opportunities that will always be present in the transport network. The theory of crime displacement provides one likely explanation as to why the absolute reduction, instead of a theft pattern alteration, is very difficult to achieve. The result in this paper substantiates research results in criminology that indicate that causality in crime displacement is hard to establish.Research limitations/implications – Thi...

The Displacement effect in cargo theft

More than two decades after the publication of Cornish’s seminal work about the script-theoretic approach to crime analysis, this article examines how the concept has been applied in our community....

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Crime scripting: A systematic review

The modus operandi of serial and nonserial sexual murderers: A systematic review

Problem‐oriented Policing and Crime Prevention

Although crimes may be considered events with a specific location in time and place, the crime event itself is only one among many events that occur within the crime-commission process (Cornish 1994: 155). The unfolding of a crime involves a series of sequential decisions and actions (or units of behaviour), and is exposed to a variety of influencing and interrupting factors. As Wortley (2012): 186) puts it, the crime event is considered a multistaged, dynamic process that involves a connected chain of decisions based on an ongoing evaluation of the available options in a given situation, and that may take different paths depending upon the nature of the environmental feedback.

Crimes as Scripts

Post 9/11 we have witnessed the introduction and further strengthening of a range of trans-border security programs designed to protect international supply chains against acts of unlawful interference. In some cases compliance with these programs is mandatory. In other cases compliance results in a preferential treatment by appropriate authorities. To a great extent, these programs comprehend the introduction of situational measures. In most instances, however, operators within the supply chain—being made responsible for their actual implementation—are left with limited guidance. In this paper it is argued that a lack of guidance may result in measures being introduced without taking full account of their potential consequences. Based on an analysis of previous research findings and on the outcome of a literature review, direct and indirect implementation costs have been differentiated from a range of (consequential costs provoked by) potential reverse effects, and from a series of generic preconditions, enabling practitioners in industry to conduct a proper cost analysis and come to an informed decision on what particular measure(s) best to implement. It is argued that criminology and management science can support this decision making process, provided that policy makers allow operators a certain freedom of choice between alternative measures and approaches.

Re-thinking the cost of supply chain security

This article is about situational crime prevention in the (European) supply chain. It is based on a thorough analysis of two international supply chain security programs, and on the consequent observation that the security measures that form part of these programs can all be classified as situational techniques. One of the main conclusions of the research has been that an `ex ante' consideration of preventive measures, and a careful consideration of any interdependencies, may prove to be extremely beneficial to the success of future programming. The outcome of these considerations can be applied to rank potential interventions, and decide on the most promising and feasible one(s). In order to facilitate a thorough consideration of the effectiveness, efficiency and acceptability of potential measures, a series of ‘success indicators’ was developed.

Situational Crime Prevention and Supply Chain Security: An “Ex Ante” Consideration of Preventive Measures

As this book is about preventing crime against business, it is important to understand what is meant by crime and how this phenomenon relates to criminality, as both terms are often used interchangeably. This chapter aims to clarify the distinction between the two. It further aims to illustrate that this distinction has implications for the scope and objectives of preventive interventions. While the main focus of preventing criminality is on trying to avoid individuals from becoming or remaining engaged in criminal conduct, preventing crime is about preventing criminal acts or events from occurring. It should become clear from this chapter that script analysis is introduced as a tool to support the latter objective.

Crime and Criminality

The latest in the ASIS Foundation's Connecting Research in Security to Practice (CRISP) report series, Situational Crime Prevention and Supply Chain Security, authored by Harald Haelterman, PhD, provides a reference guide on how best to approach the introduction of situational crime prevention program in a business environment. The report focuses on situational crime prevention in domestic and international supply chains and presents a consecutive six-stage approach, emphasizing the importance of addressing challenges early in the process and focusing on the selection of alternative measures to mitigate identified and acknowledged risks.

Harald Haelterman

Papers

Crimes as Scripts

Re-thinking the cost of supply chain security

Situational Crime Prevention and Supply Chain Security: An “Ex Ante” Consideration of Preventive Measures

Crime and Criminality

Situational crime prevention and supply chain security: theory for best practice