Showing papers by "Harry A. Quigley published in 1978"

Traumatic retinopathy in primates. The explanation of commotio retinae.

Abstract: • We have produced experimental commotio retinae in 12 owl monkeys by blunt trauma. The ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic appearance of this contrecoup lesion is identical to the acute traumatic retinal opacity in humans. We examined these eyes by light and electron microscopy from 4 hours to 12 weeks after injury. Immediately after injury, the only abnormality is disruption of the receptor outer segments. From one to six days after trauma, many receptor cells undergo degeneration. The retinal pigment epithelium phagocytoses the degenerating outer segments, occasionally migrating into the retina. There is no extracellular retinal edema. The opacity of commotio retinae seems to represent disrupted receptor cells. Visual loss may result from permanent loss of receptors. The pigment epithelial response to traumatic receptor damage is similar to that observed in experimental retinal detachment and light-induced retinal damage.

Histopathology of Cornea and Iris in Chandler's Syndrome

Abstract: • Corneal and iris tissue were examined from a 72-year-old woman with Chandler's syndrome. Light and electron microscopy showed posterior, corneal, collagenous-layer production by metaplastic corneal endothelium. In areas of iridocorneal contact, there were several layers of metaplastic endothelial cells that covered iris stroma and melanocytes, which were directly subjacent to Descemet's membrane. Cells similar to the metaplastic endothelium covered the anterior surface of the iris specimen. Similar corneal endothelial metaplasia has been described in posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy. Presumptive growth of corneal endothelium on the anterior iris surface has been observed in typical essential iris atrophy and in Cogan-Reese syndrome, both of which share several features with Chandler's syndrome. Proliferation of endothelium over the anterior chamber angle and the iris may play a role in glaucoma and in the iris abnormalities that occur in these disorders.

The effect of biogenic monomines on rapid axonal transport in the rabbit optic nerve.

Abstract: Since L-dopa and serotonin have been reported to increase the rate of axonal transport in rat sciatic nerve, we decided to study the effect of these monoamines on rapid orthograde transport in the rattit optic nerve To do this, tritiated leucine was injected into the vitreous of both eyes of 56 albino rabbits, and arrival of radioactive labeled proteins at the superior colliculus was measured at various intervals by liquid scintillation counting Rabbits were studied 24 hr after intraperitoneal injections of (1) Sinemet + L-dopa, (2) Sinemet + 5-hydroxytryptophan, or (3) pargyline There were 14 rabbits in each group compared to 14 controls that received no monoamies In the monoamine-treated groups, transported labeled proteins arrived at the superior colliculus earlier, and an increased amount of radioactivity accumulated during the next several hours The maximum amount of radioactive proteins accumulating in drug-treated animals did not differ significantly from the maximum amount in control animals As judged by autoradiographic densitometry, retinal ganglion cell synthesis was similar in control and drug-treated animals We suspect that the rate of rapid axonal transport is increased by monoamines, although an increased rate of ganglion cell protein synthesis is another possibility