https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/685594/file/1130605.pdf

Review of Particle Physics

The Pythia program can be used to generate high-energy-physics ''events'', i.e. sets of outgoing particles produced in the interactions between two incoming particles. The objective is to provide as accurate as possible a representation of event properties in a wide range of reactions, within and beyond the Standard Model, with emphasis on those where strong interactions play a role, directly or indirectly, and therefore multihadronic final states are produced. The physics is then not understood well enough to give an exact description; instead the program has to be based on a combination of analytical results and various QCD-based models. This physics input is summarized here, for areas such as hard subprocesses, initial- and final-state parton showers, underlying events and beam remnants, fragmentation and decays, and much more. Furthermore, extensive information is provided on all program elements: subroutines and functions, switches and parameters, and particle and process data. This should allow the user to tailor the generation task to the topics of interest.

/pdf/pythia-6-4-physics-and-manual-3dvwmijpnq.pdf

PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual

https://cds.cern.ch/record/257199/files/P00020101.pdf

High-energy-physics event generation with PYTHIA 5.7 and JETSET 7.4

HERWIG is a general-purpose Monte Carlo event generator, which includes the simulation of hard lepton-lepton, lepton-hadron and hadron-hadron scattering and soft hadron-hadron collisions in one package. It uses the parton-shower approach for initial- and final-state QCD radiation, including colour coherence effects and azimuthal correlations both within and between jets. This article updates the description of HERWIG published in 1992, emphasising the new features incorporated since then. These include, in particular, the matching of first-order matrix elements with parton showers, a more correct treatment of heavy quark decays, and a wide range of new processes, including many predicted by the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, with the option of R-parity violation. At the same time we offer a brief review of the physics underlying HERWIG, together with details of the input and control parameters and the output data, to provide a self-contained guide for prospective users of the program.

/pdf/herwig-6-an-event-generator-for-hadron-emission-reactions-2854fafdiq.pdf

HERWIG 6: an event generator for hadron emission reactions with interfering gluons (including supersymmetric processes)

High-energy physics event generation with PYTHIA 6.1

https://cds.cern.ch/record/239783/files/ppe-92-123.pdf

Hartmute Plothow-Besch

Papers

PDFLIB: a library of all available parton density functions of the nucleon, the pion and the photon and the corresponding αS calculations